Morphological research into Lithuanian dialects: tradition and future prospects

LTStraipsnyje glaustai aptariama lietuvių kalbos tarmių morfologijos tyrimų raida nuo lietuvių dialektologijos formavimosi pradžios iki XXI a. antrojo dešimtmečio pabaigos. Pagrindinis dėmesys kreipiamas į šios lingvistikos šakos tyrimų kryptis, metodologiją, svarbiausias idėjas ir reikšmingiausius darbus. Nuo XIX a. iki Antrojo pasaulinio karo pradžios lietuvių kalbos tarmių morfologijos tyrimai rėmėsi dokumentavimo principu ir jaunagramatiškąja metodologija. Nuo 1944 m. pradėta kurti nauja lietuvių dialektologijos tradicija, todėl įsitvirtino deskriptyvinis ir arealinis lingvistinis tyrimo metodai, imta taikyti natūraliosios morfologijos metodologija. Be to, šiuo aspektu tarmės imtos lyginti tarpusavyje. Naujosios dialektologijos krypties atsiradimas Lietuvoje XXI a. pradžioje skatina diskutuoti, kokia kryptimi, kokiomis teorinėmis ir metodologinėmis nuostatomis vadovaujantis bus atliekami tolesni lietuvių tarmių morfologijos tyrimai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Lietuvių kalbos tarmės; Morfologija; Žodžių daryba; Raida; Kaita; Tyrimų kryptys; Lithuanian dialects; Morphology; Word formation; Development; Change; Research trends.

ENThe article briefly discusses the development of morphological research into the Lithuanian dialects from the beginning of Lithuanian dialectology to the end of the 2010s. The main focus is on the research in this branch of linguistics, the methodology as well as the most important ideas and the most significant works. During the period between the 19th century and the beginning of World War II, any morphological research into the Lithuanian dialects was based on the principle of documentation and the Neogrammarian methodology. 1944 marks the start of a new tradition in Lithuanian dialectology when descriptive and areal linguistic research methods become widely-used and the methodology of natural morphology is applied. This is also the aspect, according to which the Lithuanian dialects start to be compared to each other. The emergence of a new direction of dialectology in Lithuania at the beginning of the 21st century prompts discussion on further direction of morphological research into the Lithuanian dialects as well as its theoretical and methodological provisions. The research carried out over the past decade is incredibly important as it shows that rapid change in traditional dialects also affects their morphology, although it is more difficult for language users to notice it. This is where comparative morphological research into the dialects of the Baltic languages could be beneficial. Various computer programmes and tools could be employed to systemise the material of the Lithuanian dialects and to analyse any changes in their morphological systems. Dialectometry and various statistical methods could be particularly suitable for this purpose. [From the publication]