ENSince 1990–91, when the Baltic countries regained their independence, each of the Baltic states has undertaken a number of political, cultural, and educational reforms. in 2004, all three joined the european Union, thus approving and implementing the strategies and regulations of the EU. The context of these changes was in many ways determined by the history of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania—primarily the Soviet period, which they shared in the twentieth century. The writing of art history has not only been dependent on these transformations, but also played a part in them. This chapter will explore that context as well as describe the current state of the field. [Extract, p. 249].