"Svetimas turtas neina į gera" : poholokaustinės refleksijos iš folklorinės perspektyvos

LTStraipsnis rėpia įvairiopą pastarųjų metų (2006–2010) Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos instituto folkloro ekspedicijų medžiagą, kurioje karo ir pokario įvykių kontekste memuarizuojama žydų tautą ištikusi tragedija. Tyrimui pasirinkus folklorines istorijos refleksijas ir kolektyvinę atmintį reprezentuojančius, tik asmenine patirtimi grįstus prisiminimus neteisėtai pasisavinto svetimo turto tema, siekiama kompleksiškai aptarti folklorinėje tradicijoje išryškėjusias naujas žydų demonizavimo tendencijas, nuo kurių, tikėtina, neatsiejamos konfliktinės situacijos sprendimų paieškos žodinėje tradicijoje. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Demonizavimas; Tautosaka; Folklorinė interpretacija; Holokaustas; Individualizuoti pasakojimai; Konfliktinė situacija; Turtas; Žydai; Žydai, turtas; Conflict situation; Demonizing; Folklore; Folklore interpretation; Holocaust; Jewish; Jewry; Personal experiences stories; Wealth.

ENIn order to answer why the theme of the Jewish wealth was made so relevant in the post-holocaust folklore tradition, an assumption is made maintaining that folklore/folklorized reflections of the strange (not only Jewish) wealth theme were oriented towards seeking means of solving the conflict situations in the context of World War II and the post-war events (when people had their neighbors killed or deported irrespective of their religion or nationality, only in order to appropriate their belongings).The subject of the article comprises diverse materials recorded during folklore fieldwork sessions organized by the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore in the course of the recent years (2006–2010), in which the theme of the Jewish wealth is reminisced about, discussed and represented against the background of events of the war and post-war period. The theme of Jewish wealth was made so relevant in the reflections of holocaust and was introduced into the folklore tradition not accidentally indeed, seeking its realization here. The article aims at highlighting the scope of this theme, well pronounced in the oral tradition, at the same time reflecting about the possible causes of its getting actualized in relation to reminiscences of the painful historical events. In the context of holocaust and on the basis of various popular beliefs attributing magic and sorcery to the Jews, new versions of demonizing the ethnic neighbors by way of depicting them as casting spells on their wealth got elaborated. The much broader context recorded by folklorists today than that embraced by the traditional folklore collectors allows us reasoning about the daily dimension that must have been penetrating the folk culture. In order t o discuss the reflections of the Jewish wealth theme in the oral tradition more comprehensively, narratives which do not belong to folklore in its rigid sense, but are based on personal experiences, are thematically close to folklore interpretations and may serve as certain keywords helping to decipher them, should definitely be used. [From the publication]