Zapożyczenia litewskie oznaczające skłonności i stany człowieka oraz sposoby wyrażania czułości lub niechęci (na materiale gwar polskich na Litwie)

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Afektonimas; Leksika; Lenkų tarmės Lietuvoje; Lietuviška kilmė; Lietuvos lenkų tarmės; Lituanizmai; Pravardė; Pritaikymas; Semantinė kategorija; Skoliniai; Skolinys; Skverbimasis; Adaptation; Borrowing; Borrowings; Lexis; Lithuanian origin; Lithuanisms; Nickname; Penetration; Polish dialects in Lithuania; Semantic category; Term of endearment.

ENThe present article is a continuation of the previous studies (Rutkowska, 2009, 2010) dedicated to Lithuanian borrowings. Two previous articles have been related to human appearance and mental characteristics. The subject of the present article is Lithuanian borrowings which describe specific human dispositions and mental states, as well as the usage of epithets and the ways of addressing other people (terms of endearment). The lexical material of the article and vocabulary analyzed previously allows to state that the words referring to man make up a group of fairly large vocabulary of Lithuanian origin. It has been observed that words of such semantic categories as agriculture, weaving, fishery, construction are characterized nowadays as archaic because of the disappearance of a particular type of folk culture and changes in the field of rural activities. However, different ways of describing a person are still present in various dialect areas. A varying degree of adaptation of borrowed lexemes suggests that the penetration of such lexemes was a continuous process, which lasted throughout the period of the contact of Polish and Lithuanian dialects, and this process is continuing at the present day. The reason for the linguistic behavior of this type of Lithuanian words in Polish dialects is semantic capacity and expressiveness of these lexemes. [text from author]