LTPastaraisiais dešimtmečiais paskelbta nemažai mokslinių darbų (monografijų, straipsnių, apginta disertacijų), kuriose analizuojami įvairūs lietuvių liaudies medicinos aspektai. Natūraliai kyla klausimas - iš kur tokia medžiagos gausa, iš kur radosi tie liaudiškieji ligų atsiradimų aiškinimai, jų įvairių ligų gydymo būdai. Atsakymo į šiuos klausimus ieškoma senuosiuose rašytiniuose šaltiniuose, kurie teikia duomenų apie senuosius mūsų dievus - sveikatos globėjus. Raktiniai žodžiai: sveikata, ligos, lietuvių ir prūsų dievai.
ENThe purpose of this article is to determine which Lithuanian and Prussian gods, goddesses, and mythical creatures cared for people's health; to evaluate the data from written sources about them, the relationship of the ancient gods with Christian saints and Lithuanian folklore characters. The presence of the god of health (the sick) in the pre-Christian pantheon, as well as many other ancient gods who, in addition to their main functions, can influence people s health, shows that health (like everything else that a person is rewarded or punished with on this earth and even after death) depends on the will of the god. A significant number of gods, in addition to their main functions, have another one - caring for peoples health (the aforementioned supreme Prussian gods, Dimstipatis, Gabjauja, Žemėpatis, Žemininkas, Žemyna). The large number of gods - patrons of health shows that the health of both an individual person and the entire community is one of the most important goals. Analysis of written sources allows us to state that the ancient cult servants took care of ensuring the health of both the community and its individual member, performing sacrificial rituals known only to them. Reflections on sacrificial rituals intended to ensure health and express gratitude for maintained health have survived in abundance in the customs, beliefs, and folklore of the 19th and 20th centuries. Keywords: health, diseases, Lithuanian and Prussian gods.