Lietuvos miestų ir miestelių atstatymas 1918-1925 m
LTDar nesibaigus Pirmajam pasauliniam karui, buvo susirūpinta Lietuvos atstatymo klausimu. Valstybės kūrimo laikotarpiui po 1918 m. skirta nemažai tyrimų, tačiau Lietuvos miestų ir miestelių tyrimo atstatymo problemomis domėtasi tik fragmentiškai. Šios monografijos autoriai B. Tranavičiūtė, V. Petrulis, A. Pakštalis ir P. T. Laurinaitis ėmėsi ambicingo tikslo - atskleisti, kaip pokario Lietuvoje buvo bandoma suformuoti pagrindinius miestų ir miestelių atstatymo principus ir atlikti atstatymo darbus 1918-1925 m. Autoriai taikliai pastebi (6 p.), kad "atstatymas vyko kartu su valstybingumo kūrimu, todėl šiame kontekste turėjo ne tik tiesioginę reikšmę - atstatyti sugriautą turtą, bet ir simbolinę - kokiomis idėjomis remiantis bus statomi Lietuvos miestai, kokiuose namuose gyvens žmonės, kokius palengvinimus jiems suteiks laukiama modernizacija ir galiausiai kokioje valstybėje bus gyvenama". Vadinasi, miestų ir miestelių atstatymo klausimas buvo siejamas ne tik su tiesioginiu pastatų atstatymu, bet turėjo ir platesnę reikšmę. Tai buvo idėjinio urbanistinio lauko formavimasis, miestų ir miestelių teritorinė plėtra ir planavimas.
ENThe reconstruction of Lithuanian cities and towns coincided with the moment of state restoration, when the focus was placed on eliminating the consequences of World War I and creating a state based on a new ideological basis. The reconstruction took place simultaneously with the creation of statehood, therefore, in this context it exerted not only direct significance (i.e., to restore the destroyed property), but also symbolic significance - that is, on the basis of what ideas the cities of Lithuania will be built, what houses people will live in, what relief the expected modernisation will give them, and, ultimately, what state they will live in. The main purpose of this monograph is to analyse the process of reconstruction of Lithuanian cities and towns in 1918-1925. The reconstruction of Lithuanian cities and towns can be defined as a process which took place in 1918-1925, during which, attempts were being made to form the main principles of the reconstruction of cities and towns and to carry out reconstruction works. The chronological boundaries of the study cover the period when the state institutions began to be assembled as they undertook the implementation of the reconstruction of Lithuanian cities and towns. The monograph shall reveal in detail the period when the Lithuanian Reconstruction Commissariat (LRC) was established in 1921 and man- aged to attract a number of experienced Lithuanian and foreign specialists to this institution. The end of the chronological limits of the study is associated with the reorganisation process of LRC, when, due to the dramatic reduction of the staff numbers of the institution, there were essentially no specialists left in the institution, and its name was also changed. As a result, the rebuilding process entered a new phase and was less and less associated with the term 'rebuilding'.Since then, institutions became involved in construction rather than rebuilding, and the process itself is more commonly described as 'construction'. Even during such a short chronological period, the reconstruction process and its quality developed extremely dynamically. On the one hand, considering the context of Lithuania's development, the elimi- nation of the consequences of the war posed certain obstacles to modernisation. The main reasons for this are the desperate lack of the living space, the chaotic reconstruction of cities and towns, and the uneven development of the most essential infrastructure intended to ensure the life of cities. On the other hand, the formation of the ideological field, through acquaintance with the Western planning practices and architectural ideas, laid the foundations for the future modernisation of cities and towns. [...].
