Diet patterns in medieval to early modern (14th - early 20th c.) coastal communities in Lithuania

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Kuršių marios (Curonian Lagoon); Pakrantės gyvenvietės; Stabilūs izotopai; Dieta; Viduramžiai; Naujieji amžiai; Coastal areas; Stable isotopes; Diet; Medieval Ages; Early modern Ages.

ENCoastal residents are quite often expected to consume a significant amount of aquatic resources, though historical evidence often reveals a rather complex diet. To better understand the actual consumption and the distribution of various foods, stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analyses were employed to skeletal remains from three coastal communities, Palanga, Kretinga and Smeltė, ranging in date from the medieval period to the early modern ages (14th–early 20th c.) near the Curonian Lagoon and the Baltic Sea in Lithuania. Animal bones from the region, covering the same time periods, were also analysed. Stable isotope results were compared with historical records. According to historical sources different types of diet were prevalent during that period of time: Medieval Prussian-Lithuanian peasant, Lithuanian fisherman, German urban, and religious-based. Elevated δ15N values for Smeltė samples suggest a diet consisting of considerable amounts of freshwater fish protein, which is in contrast to historical sources. There were no significant differences in stable isotope values between males and females, while subadult δ15N values were significantly higher than adult ones, indicating that those children were breastfed for an extended period. Meanwhile, Palanga and Kretinga samples had isotope values suggesting a high reliance on terrestrial resources and a peasant type of diet. [From the publication]

• Animal breeding and butchering: a glimpse from old Klaipėda / Giedrė Piličiauskienė, Ieva Masiulienė. Archaeologia Baltica. 2011, t. 16, p. 168-185, VII.
• Diet in early Lithuanian prehistory and the new stable isotope evidence / Indre Antanaitis-Jacobs ... [et al.]. Archaeologia Baltica. 2009, t. 12, p. 12-30.
• Reconstructing Subneolithic and Neolithic diets of the inhabitants of the SE Baltic coast (3100–2500 cal BC) using stable isotope analysis / Gytis Piličiauskas, Rimantas Jankauskas, Giedrė Piličiauskienė, Tosha Dupras. Archaeological and anthropological sciences. 2017, 9(7), p. 1421-1437.
• Social differences in oral health: dental status of individuals buried in and around Trakai church in Lithuania (16 th - 17 th c.c.) / Zydrune Miliauskiene, Rimantas Jankauskas. Anthropologischer Anzeiger. 2015. vol. 72, iss. 1, p. 89-106.
• The 4th cemetery of the Smeltė suburb of Klaipėda / Ernestas Vasiliauskas, Silva Pocytė, Justina Kozakaitė, Raminta Skipitytė. Historische Archäologie. 2016, no. 1, 1 pdf (13 p.).
• What did the order's brothers eat in the Klaipėda castle? (The historical and zooarchaeological data) / Vladas Žulkus, Linas Daugnora. Archaeologia Baltica. 2009, t. 12, p. 74-87.
• "Zwischen Ost und West": Klaipėda ir Klaipėdos kraštas keliautojų ir svetimšalių akimis XVIII-XIX amžiais / Vygantas Vareikis. Klaipėda Europos istorijos kontekstuose / sudarytojas ir mokslinis redaktorius Vasilijus Safronovas. Klaipėda: Klaipėdos universiteto leidykla, 2013. P. 106-125, 245.