Istorikai Lietuvos radijuje tarpukariu: tarp lūkesčių ir skurdžių rezultatų

Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Žurnalų straipsniai / Journal articles
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
Istorikai Lietuvos radijuje tarpukariu: tarp lūkesčių ir skurdžių rezultatų
Alternative Title:
Historians in the interwar Lithuanian radio: between expectations and poor results
In the Journal:
Lietuvos istorijos metraštis Yearbook of Lithuanian History, 2024, 2, 113-135
Summary / Abstract:

LTStraipsnyje analizuojamos istorikų dalyvavimo tarpukario Valstybės radiofono veikloje tendencijos Lietuvoje. Aiškinamasi, kokie istorikai ir kokiomis temomis radijui rengė paskaitas, kodėl jų įsitraukimas į šią žiniasklaidos priemonę buvo nedidelis, parodoma, koks buvo radijo klausytojų auditorijos požiūris į istorinės tematikos transliacijas aptariamu laikotarpiu. Tyrime parodoma, kad nepaisant palankaus radijo klausytojų požiūrio į istoriją ir skatinimo aktyviau įsitraukti į mokslo populiarinimo veiklą, istorikams aktyviau dalyvauti radijo eteryje galėjo sutrukdyti istorikų bendruomenės užimtumas, požiūris į radiją, ypač griežta Valstybės radiofono cenzūra bei nedidelis atlygis už paslaugas. Raktiniai žodžiai: Valstybės radiofonas, tarpukario istorikai, istorija radijuje, radijo auditorija, mokslo populiarinimas.

ENThis article analyses the relationship between historians and the radio in interwar Lithuania. The study focuses on the trends of the involvement of historians in the Lithuanian State Radio programme between 1926 and 1940, also touching upon the audience’s attitudes towards history on the radio. The study had three objectives: (1) to reveal which historians were involved in the State Radio programme and how, (2) to find out why Lithuanian historians were relatively rarely featured in the interwar radio and why there was no radio programme devoted to historical issues, and (3) to show the relationship of the Lithuanian radio audience to programmes on historical topics. The place of history in the interwar Lithuanian radio is still an unexplored topic, and the low involvement of historians in this medium at the time compared to the relatively high number of historical radio programmes in today’s Lithuania encourages us to explain this contradiction. The study applies historical comparative and quantitative content analysis methods. The paper uses a variety of archival sources: correspondence, memoirs, radio board reports, decrees, radio magazines, radio programmes, copies of radio lectures, etc. The study concludes that the State Radio hosted lectures by older and younger generations of historians. The study found sixteen different historians who gave lectures on historical topics on the radio, so the involvement of historians in the radio is considered to be low. Historians on the interwar radio mostly developed themes of the history of Lithuania and introduced the cult of the dukes of the Duchy of Lithuania to the audience, explained the significance of the development of Lithuanian writing and the importance of the images of the national revival and Lithuanian archaeology, whereas the history of foreign nations was mostly confined to the neighbouring countries.These trends were in line with the images of history promoted by the nationalist regime and contributed to the propaganda campaigns of a historical nature initiated by the nationalists. The radio audience, which grew more rapidly throughout the period in question and covered all social strata of Lithuania at the end of the interwar period, was favourably disposed towards historical lectures, and the majority of the surviving questionnaires on the radio programme show that at least several historical accounts a week were desired. For complex reasons, historians were slow to embrace the new medium. The community of historians was relatively small, and many graduates were forced to take other jobs due to lack of professional positions. At the same time, the radio was characterised by a growing yet rather small audience and modest remuneration offered to radio workers or lecture writers. The radio was supervised by a censorship office, which imposed severe penalties and was rather categorical in its approach to the content of broadcasts; it functioned as an institution representing the interests of Lithuanian nationalists. The situation of historians, radio, and society itself was fundamentally different from what it is today, and it is hardly possible to deplore the lack of involvement or the weak support for an ideologised historical narrative without underestimating the specificity of the interwar era. Keywords: Lithuanian State Radio, interwar historians, history on the radio, radio audience, science popularisation.

DOI:
10.33918/25386549-202402005
ISSN:
0202-3342; 2538-6549
Subject area:
Related Publications:
Permalink:
https://www.lituanistika.lt/content/42772
Updated:
2026-08-20 22:28:34
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