Bendruomenės indėlis teikiant pagalbą žmonėms turintiems proto negalią

LTŠis straipsnis analizuoja bendruomenės indėlį teikiant pagalbą asmenims su proto negalia. Pristatomos sąvokos, apibūdinančios proto negalią, aptariami įvairūs paramos modeliai formuojantys visuomenės požiūrį į proto negalią turinčius asmenis. Taip pat supažindinama su bendruomenių teikiančių pagalbą žmonėms, turintiems protinę negalią, veikla. Kalbama apie asmenų užimtumą, įgalinimą bei lavinimą bendruomenės pagalba. Raktažodžiai: proto negalia, bendruomenė, intelekto sutrikimai, užimtumas, specialiosios įstaigos.

ENThe main purpose of this article is to reveal the contribution of the community in providing assistance to people with mental disabilities. This is achieved by analyzing the scientific literature. They help reveals a plethora of terms to describe mental disabilities: mental retardation, mental disorder, developmental disorder, dementia, debility, and so on. It was found that many of these terms are offensive to human dignity, so it was decided to use the lower violate the terms such as "mental retardation" or "learning disorder". While this should be the standard, but not everywhere is still widely used. In addition to the overview and classification of mental retardation; it consists out of three main levels: mild, moderate and severe mental retardation. It also gives an overview of the three main aid modalities: medical, support and development. These models have helped to shape the current public attitudes towards people with mental disabilities in foster care. Also analyze reveals that the more developed countries in the liberal model is applied. Lithuania is still dominated by the medical model, but is being more and more community-based agencies to encourage individuals with intellectual disabilities to participate in public life. The help of foreign expertise contributes to the community of people with mental disabilities training, education and leisure.