Juozo Albino Lukšos-Daumanto 1940-1941 m. biografijos puslapiai

LTTyrimo temos - rezistencija pirmosios sovietų okupacijos (1940-1941 m.) Lietuvoje laikotarpiu ir žydų genocidas krašte valdant naciams. Tikslas - remiantis prieinamais archyviniais dokumentais ir istorine literatūra, atsakyti į straipsnyje suformuluotus uždavinius, susijusius su Juozo Lukšos-Daumanto 1940-1941 m. gyvenimo istorijos įvykiais. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Juozas Albinas Lukša-Daumantas; Biografija; 1940-1941 m; Juozas Albinas Lukša-Daumantas; Biography; 1940–1941.

ENThe article examine s som e pages o f the life history o f the famous post-war partisan Juozas Albinas Lukša Daumanta s (10 August 1921 - 4 Septembe r 1951) from 1940 through 1941 that have s o far received little attention. On e o f the tasks of the paper is to reveal the role of Lukša in the Lithuanian anti-Soviet resistance movement. It is claimed that three periods of Lukšas resistance activity to the Soviet regime in 1940-194 lea n be relatively distinguished. The first period covers the period from the occupation of Lithuania carried out by the Soviet Union on 15 June 1940 (on the same day Lukša was issued a certificate of graduation from a gymnasium ) to the 28lh of August of the same year, i. e. before his admission to the Faculty o f Construction of Kaunas Vytautas Magnus University. At that time , a resistance motivation formed, which encouraged Lukša to oppos e the Soviet regime and seek the restoration of independent Lithuania. However, there is no specific data on his resistance during this period. Relatively, it can only be said that Lukša became a membe r of the anti-Soviet underground movemen t already o n 15 June 1940. Such an assessment is possible due to the fact that before the occupation and annexation o f Lithuania in the summe r of 1940, Lukša was a membe r of the Lithuanian Catholi c Federation "Ateitis", which was banned and operated illegally during the reign of President Antanas Smetona. During the Soviet era, the activity o f this organization wa s not legalized, and the organisation operated informally. The second period covers the period from the admission to the University ( 2 8 August 1940) to 4 March 1941. After starting his studies, Lukša joined the organisation "Grandis", an illegally-operating corporation of the Lithuanian Catholic Federation "Ateitis", which, like other student corporations, was banned by the Soviet regime.This organization, in turn, was a membe r of the illegal Student Coalition, chaired by a membe r of "Ateitis", Pilypas NarutisŽukauskas. 'I his accession also meant the transition of Lukša from an illegal pupil organization belonging "Ateitis" to an illegal student organization of "Ateitis". Although there is no specific information about Lukšas activities during the aforesaid period, the case may be that Lukša had one or another relationship with the anti-Soviet resistance activities of Kaunas Vytautas Magnus University' students, as evidenced by historical literature and sources. The existence of this relationship was possible since the mentioned students together with Lukša studied in the same educational institution, were people from the same environment were present. The third period covers the period from 4 March 1941 until Lukšas arrest on the 6th of June of the same year. It should be mentioned that on the 4th of March, Lukša, a member of the illegal corporation "Grandis", which in turn was a member of the illegal Student Coalition, took an oath and joined the Lithuanian Activist Front (LAF). This step was partly influenced by the fact that the illegal Student Coalition, a member "Ateitis", already in December of 1940 decided to unite for the fight for independence under the umbrella of the Lithuanian Activist Front (LAF). On the day of taking the oath, Lukša was probably already a member of the five-person group led by Kazimieras Gediminas Ruzgys. The five-person group itself probably already existed before the 4th of March and was part of the broad anti-Soviet underground movement. The members of the five-person group were connected through intermediaries with the Kaunas LAF headquarters, which was headed by Pilypas Narutis-Żukauskas, the chairman of the illegal Student Coalition and a member of "Ateitis".Although the activities of Lukša and the other five members of the fiveperson group were multidisciplinary, they were mainly related to the dissemination of anti-Soviet literature. Some of the literature contained statements directed against the Jews; however, it is not known that Lukša or the other five members of the five-person group made such statements. As a result, it cannot be said that they were anti-Semites. On the other hand, there were other statements besides anti-Semitic ones. The resistance activities of the five-person group ceased in June of 1941 when Soviet Lithuanian security officials arrested Juozas Albinas Lukša, Bronius Barzdžiukas, Bronius Vaidila, Kazys Gediminas Ruzgys. They were detained in the Prison no. 1 of the Peoples Commissariat for Internal Affairs {Народный комиссариат внутренних дел: Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del; abbreviated NKVD). The security forces who carried out the prosecution included some Jews as well. When the war broke out, the arrested members of the five-person group were released from prison, and Bronius Barzdžiukas and Kazys Gediminas Ruzgys took part in the June uprising. The opinion formed by individual members of society (probably unintentionally) that Lukša was close to the fascist worldview is not correct. This is possible due to the fact that Lukša was related to the other members of the five-person group by the relationship maintained through the intermediaries through the Kaunas LAF headquarters, which was headed by Pilypas Narutis-Żukauskas. Kaunas LAF (as well as Vilnius LAF) did not prepare and was not interested in preparing platform documents of a different nature, in which the statements contained would allow seeing the signs of a fascist organization. This was probably influenced by the fact that it was operating in Soviet-occupied Lithuania, and that the Nazi regime could not directly influence its activities. [...]. [From the publication]