Jewish resistance in provincial Lithuania in 1941
LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Holokausto vykdytojai; Laikini getai; Laikinieji getai; Naikinimas; Provincijos Lietuva; Žydų pasipriešinimas; Extermination; Holocaust perpetrators; Jewish resistance; Provincial Lithuania; Provisional ghettos.
ENPrior to Operation Barbarossa there were 220,000 Jews living in Lithuania, of which approximately 120,000 in small towns and villages. These provincial Jews were totally annihilated within the first five months of the German occupation. Extermination camps were not yet in existence, and the Jews were not even imprisoned in ghettos during the initial period. It could have been expected that the harsh German and Lithuanian violence against the Jews would be met with an active response. However, the article reveals very limited resistance, whether active or passive, by any of the Jews. In order to explain the phenomenon of so few acts of resistance, the article proposes to analyse these acts along the timeline of the stages of the extermination process, which were aimed to prepare the Jews for their deaths. Examining those acts in light of the circumstances and the physical and mental condition of the Jews in each of those stages separately, enables a better assessment of the acts of resistance that did take place during each stage, as well as a more convincing interpretation of the reasons for the limited extent of Jewish resistance in the Lithuanian province. [From the publication]
- Deutsche Besatzungspolitik in Litauen 1941-1944 / Christoph Dieckmann. Göttingen : Wallstein, 2011. 2 t. (1652 p.).
- Expulsion and extermination : Holocaust testimonials from provincial Lithuania / David Bankier. Jersualem : Yad Vashem, c2011. 232 p.
- Jews and Lithuanians on the eve of the Holocaust 1939-1940 / Saulius Sužiedėlis. Darbai ir dienos. 2017, t. 67, p. 107-122.
- The Historical sources for antisemitism in Lithuania and Jewish-Lithuanian relations during the 1930s / Saulius Sužiedėlis. Vanished world of Lithuanian Jews / edited by Alvydas Nikžentaitis, Stefan Schreiner & Darius Staliūnas. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2004. p. [119]-154, 312.
- The Holocaust in Lithuania: an outline of the major stages and their results / Arūnas Bubnys. Vanished world of Lithuanian Jews / edited by Alvydas Nikžentaitis, Stefan Schreiner & Darius Staliūnas. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2004. p. [205]-221, 314-315.
