ENThe aim of the paper is to analyze the attitude of Polish landlords in Lithuania towards the statehood of Lithuania. Polish landlords represented themselves as an influential and strong group within Lithuanian society. They ruled over 64,6% of landlordsí territories. This paper reveals that the over- whelming majority of Lithuaniaís Polish landlords took anti-Lithuanian and pro-Polish position acknowledging that Lithuania should become a part of the Republic of Poland. The paper raises a question, why Polish landlords in Lithuania defended this position.