ENThis study analyses the representation of different ethnic communities in Lithuanian history curriculum both in interwar period and nowadays. The main focus is on the multicultural heritage of three major Lithuanian cities – Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda – and its understanding in two different periods of independent Lithuania – during the interwar period, when the first republic of Lithuania was created, and after the fall of Communism in 1990, when Lithuania became independent once again and started to develop new history curriculum. In this article the author seeks to briefly evaluate the importance of interwar history education to nowadays history education, and to distinguish the main differences and their causes.