XIV a. diržo krepšys iš Vilniaus Žemutinės pilies archeologinių tyrimų

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Diržo krepšys; Kilmė; Konservavimo metodai; Konstrukcija; Odos konseravimas ir restauravimas; Viduramžių archeologija; Vilniaus pilių kompleksas; Vilniaus Žemutinė pilis; 14 amžius; 14 cent.; Construction; Girdle bag; Leather conservation and restoration; Medieval archaeology; Origin; Preservation methods; Vilnius Castle complex; Vilnius Lower Castle.

ENThe preservation and restoration of leather finds gives us the opportunity to see the item being restored as an object of early craftmanship. The girdle bag presented in the article is of a complex construction, its varied and precise ornamentation suggesting the piece is certainly the work of a professional. The piece, dated to the first half of the 14th century, brings foward the date girdle bags with metal details were used in Lithuania’s territory. Until now, the earliest finds had been dated only to the end of the 14th century. The discovery of the girdle bag with several original items still contained within in the city’s cultural layer confirms the universal pocketing function of such pieces. The similarities between the find from the Vilnius Lower Castle’s territory and those from Novgorod and Tver are difficult to explain in terms of identifying general regional or periodical trends in the production of such pieces, and so this leads to the presumption that these girdle bags may have originated from one particular location. The rather obvious differences between the piece from the 14th century and girdle bags from the 16th century depend most likely not just on the period they were used in but also the location(s). 16th-century girdle bags have been found in ancient village burial grounds, while the girdle bag discussed in the article is from the cultural layers of the city ofVilnius, in the surrounds of the castle. In case of the latter, this was a place which was relatively intensively populated and as a result, the excavated archaeological material reflects this way of life, offering numerous various finds which stand out for their shapes and forms, which is not the case in other locations in Lithuania.This 14th-century girdle bag is another detail which extends our rather meagre knowledge of Medieval period costumes in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Future research on the collections of the National Museum - Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania and a systemic analysis of the material at hand will enhance our knowledge about the history of this accessory. The Vilnius Lower Castle territory is exceptional for its rich organic finds in cultural layers from the 14th-15th centuries and can reveal much valuable information about leather works from this period. [From the publication]