Mišriojo tipo a-kamienių veiksmažodžių su bendraties priesaga -ėti (varvėti, varva, varvėjo) kirčiavimas

LTŽodžio morfologinę struktūrą ir atskirus jos lygmenis sieja glaudus ryšys su kirčiavimu. Straipsnyje norima pasiaiškinti, kaip akcentinės ypatybės susijusios su konkretaus tipo veiksmažodžių šaknies struktūra (vokalizmu ir konsonantizmu) bei konkrečiąja semantika. Tyrimo objektu pasirinktas a-kamienių veiksmažodžių, turinčių bendraties ir būtojo laiko priesaginį -ė-, struktūrinis tipas. [Iš teksto, p. 116].

ENThere are some morphological types of verbs with the suffix -ėti in Lithuanian language. All the types have the same suffix of the infinitive (-ėti) and praeterit (-ėjo). The main differences are in present forms. The third person of present can be suffixal (-ėja) or unsuffixal: i-stem (myli), a-stem (moka) and others. The semantics and wordbuilding of those types are different enough not to mix them. The object of the paper is a-stem verbs with the suffix -ėti. The distinct signs of those verbs are the following: 1. The suffix of the verbs of this type is stressed and dominative independently of the intonation of the form in the present tense, which is not suffixal (varvėti, varva, -ėjo; mokėti, moka, -ėjo). 2. The stressed phonologically short vowels a, e become long in present forms (laša, teška and i-stem gali; compare with the derivatives of the suffix -sėti: trakšėti, trakši [trakš+sėti trakš+si], žlegsėti, žlegsi). 3. The accentuation of verbs with a long vocal in the root depends on the following factors: A. Morphonological structure Consonantism: a) the roots ending in the consonants -šk- (more seldom -sk-) always have falling accent (tarška, barška, tvoska). The same accent dominates in the roots, ending with -zg-, -zd- (niurzga, but balzga); b) the accent is not connected with the consonant beginning of the root. Only combination sk- could implicate the rising accent of the root (skauda, skamba / skamba). Vocalism: c) the falling accent dominates in the roots with vocal diphthongs (the exception - skauda); d) the rising accent dominates in the roots with long vowels -ū-, -ie-, -y- (the exception — pyška, dūzga). The roots with vowels o, uo have the falling accent (poška, liuoba, kiaugžda, but kiogžda); e) the falling accent is connected with the diphthongs whose first components are vowels e, i, u (except bumba).g) The rising accent is connected with the diphthongs, whose first component is the vowel -a- (gargžda), but there are more exceptions [tarška, barška, narna and blązga, brązga (n disappears in the position before spirants), variants — bamba / bamba, darda /darda, garma / garma, garga /garga, marma / marma, žvanga / žvanga). Morphological structure: h) The influence of vocalism and consonantism on the accent of the root can not be abstracted from the morphological structure of the verbs. There is an accentual opposition between the a-stem verbs with suffix -ėti and ia-stem root verbs. If those two types of verbs have the same root, the first one will have the falling accent and the other will have the rising accent, e. g. birzga (birzgėti, -ėjo): birzgia (birgzti, birzgė), also tarška: tarškia, sulpa: sulpia etc. The a-stem verbs with the rising accent do not have such pairs. B. Semantics: a) The verbs which mean the sound have the falling accent in most cases. The rising accent is determined by intensity of this sound (bamba / bamba, bumba). b) The meanings of rolling and trickling of water are connected circumflex: rieda, rieta, ryta and alma, salva, varva. Other verbs, which mean the moving (motion) have the acute root. c) Two verbs meaning the light (shining, reflection) have the falling accent (mirga, žvilga). Even the verbs with the semes of light (virpa, kirba) have the same accent.