Augalija lietuvių liaudies dailėje

LT„Liaudies dailės kūriniai, ypač jų simboliniai ženklai, kartu su krikščioniškąja ikonografija gyvavę dar XVIIIXX a. pirmaisiais dešimtmečiais, išlaikė tolimos praeities religinių elementų, atėjusių iš akmens amžiaus. Liaudies dailės raštai yra šventraštis, kurį reikia mokėti skaityti, nors kai kada sunku suvokti jų atspindimą istorinį momentą, išaiškinti vieno ar kito ornamento simbolinį turinį. Čia turi padėti mokslinė intuicija“ - teigia P. Dundulienė. Augalinį ornamentą puošybai vartojo visos Europos tautos. Lietuvių liaudies augaliniam ornamentui būdingas savitas motyvų pasirinkimas, komponavimas, taip pat savitas elementų apibendrinimas, stilizavimas. Ornamento lapai, o kartais ir žiedai taip stilizuojami, kad negalima pažinti to augalo rūšies. Neretai augalinio motyvo elementai įgyja fantastines formas arba abstraktaus ornamento pavidalą. [p. 11].

ENThe works of folk art, mainly their symbolic images, which were existing concurrently with the Christian iconography in the first decades of the 18 th - 20th centuries, have retained the religious elements of the distant past dating back to the Stone Age. Notwithstanding that folk art is abundant in numerous geometric, cosmological and animal motifs, which are prevailing in folk art, the author of the article has chosen and analysed the plant motifs. The folk art pattern is considered the scripture, which must be read literally, although sometimes it may be difficult to perceive the historical moment depicted and to discover the meaning of some symbols and images encrypted. The plant ornamentation was predominant in the creative works of European folk artists. The plant ornamentation of Lithuanian folk artists is distinguished for its unique motifs and composition, as well as originally generalized and stylized elements. Sometimes the foliage and blossoms are so highly stylized that it is impossible to identify the plant species. Occasionally, the plant ornamentation elements acquire fantastic forms unlike anything in nature or the shape of an abstract ornament. The creative work of folk artists has been conditioned by the traditional world view, therefore the symbolic meaning of the plant motifs is identical with the one observed in rituals, customs and mythology.