Opór społeczeństw Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej wobec totalitarnych wyzwań XX w. 1939-1956 (na przykładzie Polski, Czech i Słowacji, Litwy i Ukrainy)

ENThe research indicates that in the relationships between individuals, social groups, and authorities (at various levels) in Poland and other Central and Eastern European countries during the Soviet dominance, various adaptation strategies played a significant role. The thesis regarding their massiveness and universality is based on research findings related to selected social issues and processes, such as: the functioning of so-called socialist enterprises, agricultural collectivization, migration from rural areas to cities, forms of leisure, provisioning, housing, and the black market. An attempt was made to show the nature of ‘socialist consumerism’ and the accompanying adaptive processes in conditions where efforts were made to achieve social peace using also positive (non-repressive) methods of interaction between authorities and societies in the region.