Augalai pastato architektūrinėje kompozicijoje

LTLietuvos miestų kraštovaizdis tampa vis labiau urbanizuotas, mažai lieka vietos želdiniams, todėl miestų ore nuolat tvyro dulkės, dujos ir kitokie teršalai, kurie daro neigiamą įtaką gyventojų sveikatai ir gyvenimo kokybei. Ši problema ypač ryškėja didžiuosiuose miestuose. Šiame straipsnyje pateikta tyrimų apžvalga ir jos pagrindu analizuojami kai kurių Lietuvos miestų darnaus vystymosi aspektai, siejant juos su naujų kraštovaizdžio technologijų naudojimo galimybėmis.

ENIn Lithuanian urban landscape the signs of urbanization are more and more increasing which negatively affects human environment. Thick buildings, an increase of hard concrete or other surface of area are leaving less and less place for green spaces. In city‘s atmosphere there are constant dust, gases and other pollutants, which make negative impact on the population‘s health and quality of life. Atmospheric air, which is saturated with harmful substances, penetrates into residential lodging and other facilities. When people breathe, they also use air biologically. In particular, this problem is important in large cities central parts and in old town. There are not enough free spaces in cities planted with trees and shrubs, flowers, sown with grass, as well in balcony fixed with flower trough, and in facilities built with plant pots. Mechanical premises ventilation in polluted environment does not give a positive result. The plants which have been discussed in this article were selected according to the following criteria: plant cultivation period, the location in the building structure, plant number. Therefore, using the observation method, there were overviewed Klaipeda Old Town Buildings and evaluated abundant information which was collected in the European tour and some cities from other regions of the world. Providing generalized indoors and environmental planting proposals, there were analyzed woody and herbaceous climbing plant characteristics in this article, were identified species more suitable for vertical buildings planting. When were analyzed plants, then were taken to their anatomical, morphological, physiological and biological characteristics, intensity of growth and development, resistance, annual growth, stem strength, ability to cling to the various supports (walls, special supports, etc.).Attractive, artistic combinations are obtained choosing different climbing plant types. Combinations are arranged depending on the specific orientation of the building wall, soil quality, lighting, distance from the street, air pollution and other environmental factors. Planting walls of low-floor buildings are suitable climbing 3-8 meters tall plants (woody) and climbing herbal 1-5 meters tall plants. Tall-stemmed climbing woody plants "climb" up to 15-25 meters height, so the perfectly suits for multistory building walls vertical planting (as whole, as partial).