Sovietiniam skaitytojui aprobuotas Hectoro Malot "Be šeimos"
LTŠiame tekste lyginami prancūzų rašytojo Hectoro Malot vaikų literatūros klasika tapusio romano "Be šeimos" (1878) du lietuviški vertimai: 1936 m. Prano Vitolio (tikr. Barzdžiaus) ir 1956 m. Aldonos Liobytės. Antrasis verstas ne iš originalo, bet iš sutrumpinto vertimo rusų kalba. Pateiktoje lentelėje sugretinti prancūziško leidimo, abiejų lietuviškų vertimų ir atitinkamo rusiško vertimo skyrių antraščių pavadinimai, toliau aptariami keletas romano fragmentų skirtinguose lietuviškuose vertimuose atspindi tai, kad šiandien skaitytojams prieinamas sovietiniam jaunimui parengtas vertimas (paskiausiai kartotas 2019 m.). [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Vertimas iš tarpinės kalbos; Kartotinis leidimas; Sutrumpinta versija; Teksto praradimai; Translation from an intermediate language; Reprints; Abridged version; Textual losses.
ENThe article presents a comparison of two Lithuanian translations of Hector Malot’s novel Sans fam ilie (first published in 1878), a classic of children’s literature: the translation by Pranas Vitolis (real name Barzdžius) of 1936, and one by Aldona Liobytė of 1956. Presumably, the first translation was done from the original French edition and - what is most important for us here - is a rendition of the complete unabridged text. The second translation was made not from the original edition but from an abridged translation into Russian, that is, from an intermediate language. The readers of the Russian translation are provided with the opportunity to know what they are reading; meanwhile, the readers of the Lithuanian translation done from the Russian translation are deprived of this opportunity even today. Neither the 1956 Lithuanian edition nor its seven reprints indicate that it is an abridged translation of the novel. Admittedly, shortened translations are not that rare, especially in the case of children’s literature. However, this translation, which was done in Soviet times, was based on a version of the text that had been approved for the Soviet reader, adjusted with a purpose, and ideologically adapted. In those times, such a practice used to be quite frequently applied to the literature of "the capitalist countries". Moving away chronologically from the historical context and the circumstances of preparation of this translation, which was produced in Soviet times and is still being reprinted, the reader has no possibility to learn about its textual losses and changes that were not made by the author. The table given in the article provides a comparison of the titles of the chapters in the French edition, both Lithuanian translations, and the respective Russian translation.The comparison of several fragments of the novel in both Lithuanian translations shows that the translation available today (the latest reprint appeared in 2019) is the one produced for young Soviet readers. This is the aim of the article that leads to the conclusion that there is a tangible need to produce a new translation of Malot’s novel Sans fam ilie, that the new translation should be done from a reliable original source, and its flawed adoption should be discontinued. [From the publication]
