Priesakai sūnui ir kiti laiškai apie ugdymą

LT[...] Oginskių kultūros istorijos muziejaus inciatyva spaudai parengti M. K. Oginskio laiškai apie ugdymą yra puikus edukacines M. K. Oginskio pažiūras atskleidžiantis šaltinis. Atiduodami į maloniojo skaitytojo rankas keturių laiškų, rašytų 1819-1822 m. Zalesėje ir Rietave, publikacijų, siekiame populiarinti M. K. Oginskio rašytinį palikimą ir skleisti žinią apie iki šiol savo reikšmės neprarandančias vertybes, kurias M. K. Oginskis siekė įskiepyti savo vaikams, rengdamas juos savarankiškam gyvenimui. Pirmą kartą šie laiškai lietuvių ir baltarusių kalbomis buvo paskelbti 2016 m., gavus Lietuvos Respublikos ambasados Baltarusijos Respublikoje paramą. Didelis skaitytojų susidomėjimas knyga paskatino parengti naują knygos leidimą. Atsižvelgiant į tai, kad per pastaruosius trejetą metų ne tik naujais duomenimis prasiplėtė M. K. Oginskio veiklos tyrimų laukas, bet buvo surasta ir vertingų archyvinių šaltinių, atskleidžiančių kelių Oginskių giminės kartų lavinimo tradicijas, nuspręsta "Tėviškų patarimų" leidimą papildyti išsamesne studija, skirta vaikų ugdymo modeliui Oginskių šeimoje atskleisti. Šio tyrimo autorė Ramunė Šmigelskytė-Stukienė, remdamasi gausia Oginskių šeimos šaltinių medžiaga, parodo, kaip Apšvietos epochos edukacinė mintis paveikė vaikų lavinimo turinį, kaip buvo organizuojamas berniukų ir mergaičių mokymas XVIII a. antrojoje pusėje - XIX a. pradžioje, bei atsako į klausimą, kodėl vietoje institucinio ugdymo M. K. Oginskis pasirinko vaikų mokymo namuose modelį.Publikuojamus laiškus atveriančioje knygos dalyje "Keturi Mykolo Kleopo Oginskio laiškai apie ugdymą" pateikiama informacija apie išlikusius archyvinius laiškų egzempliorius bei pristatomos dviejų Mykolo Kleopo Oginskio ir Marijos Neri Oginskienės vaikų - Amelijos ir Irenėjaus Kleopo - biogramos, asmeniniu gyvenimo ir veiklos pavyzdžiu iliustruojančios vaikystėje įgytų žinių ir suformuotų gebėjimų pritaikymą praktikoje. Edukacinių šaltinių publikacijos dalyje skelbiamos keturių M. K. Oginskio laiškų faksimilės ir komentuoti vertimai į lietuvių kalbą. M. K. Oginskio laiškus iš prancūzų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą išvertė Jūratė Karazijaitė, komentarus publikuojamiems dokumentams parengė Ramunė Šmigelskytė-Stukienė. Knyga papildyta Oginskių Rietavo ir Zalesės rezidencijų vaizdais bei gausiomis iliustracijomis iš Oginskių giminės archyvinių fondų [Iš Pratarmės].

ENHistorical ruptures led to Michał Kleofas Ogiński s (1765-1833) long-standing fame not because of his state and public activities, but of his musical legacy. Especially the polonaise "Farewell to the Homeland" is a timeless testament to the dramatic fate of the former Polish and Lithuanian state, the Commonwealth of Both Nations. In 1795, after the name of the Commonwealth of Both Nations was erased from the political map of Europe, works of Michał Kleofas Ogiński, like of the many other eminent personalities of the time, sunk into oblivion. Only in 2005, when promoters of cultural heritage in Lithuania, Belarus, Poland and other countries started purposefully implementing the programme of archival research, scientific conferences, music festivals and written heritage dedicated to the 250th anniversary of M. K. Ogiński, gradually not only the panoramic view of Ogiński s public activities, but also the space of his private life were revealed. The research highlighted the worldview and values of the Ogiński family: education saturated with ideas of the Enlightenment, which from the young age engrafted the principles of Christian morality, respect for parents, faith in the inherent human freedoms and rights, diligence, healthy living, and special attention to science and knowledge. M. K. Ogiński passed these values onto his children, and many of them were embodied in the life of his son, Ireneusz Kleofas, when he moved to a small western Lithuanian town of Rietavas. Here, in the lands of the last Ogiński residence, social transformations initiated in 1835 by Ireneusz Kleofas Ogiński grew into a unique breakthrough in educational, cultural, scientific and technical innovations, which gave Lithuania the first agricultural school (1835), the professional six-year music school (1872), the first telephone connection (1882), the first power plant (1892), the first international agricultural exhibitions.A deeper insight into the value orientations of M. K. Ogiński, his educational views, his goals and objectives for the education of children is made possible through the manuscripts preserved in the archives. The publication contains four letters, written in 1819-1822 in Zalesye and Rietavas, revealing M. K. Ogiński s fatherly concerns regarding the upbringing and education of children while opening up the content of that education. Well acquainted with the latest achievements of the nineteenth century, M. K. Ogiński wanted his children not only to read the most important works in chemistry, astronomy and botany, but also to apply scientific knowledge in practice. For the first time, four letters of M. K. Ogiński on education in Lithuanian and Belarusian languages were published in 2016 with financial support from the Embassy of the Republic of Lithuania in the Republic of Belarus. Significant interest of the readers in this publication led to the issue of a new edition of the book. Not only did the field of research into activities of M. K. Ogiński over the last three years was expanded by the new data, but also valuable archival sources revealing traditions of several generations of the Ogiński family were discovered, and it was decided to supplement the publication of the letters with a more comprehensive narrative revealing the child education model in the Ogiński family. The book consists of two parts: research and publication. In the research section, in the article “School or Home? Childrens Educational Models in the Ogiński Family in the Eighteenth-Early Nineteenth Century” the main tendencies of the Enlightenment period education in Western Europe and their influence on the Polish and Lithuanian nobility are reviewed through the prism of institutional and individual education theories.Based on the abundant material from the Ogiński family, it is demonstrated how the educational thought of the Enlightenment influenced the content of child education, how the teaching of boys and girls in the late eighteenth-early nineteenth century was organized. After analysis of the educational experience acquired by M. K. Ogiński s father, a conclusion is offered about the influence of the education acquired at the monastic Theatine College on the future career of Andreus Ignacy Ogiński, voivode of Trakai, and his educational views. Based on the analysis of the catalogue of A. I. Ogiński s personal library, the cultural views of this Lithuanian nobleman are presented, and it is considered why, instead of the institutional education in one of the colleges of the time (Piarists, Jesuits or Theatines), A. I. Ogiński chose the model of home education for his son. M. K. Oginskis educational experiences are revealed through the additions to his own Memoirs, detailing education at the parents’ home under the management of Governor Jean Rolay, its curriculum, teaching methodology, experimentation practice, and the developed moral values. It is shown that M. Ogiński, who had received quality home education, chose to use the same home education model not only his youngest son but also his daughters, differentiating their education according to the individual abilities and inclinations of the children. Ireneusz Kleofas Ogiński continued traditions of systemically organized and parent-controlled education in the mid-nineteenth century. The content of education of children in the M. K. Ogiński family reflected the educational ideas of the Enlightenment, which focused on a comprehensive child education. [...].