Šiuolaikinės viešosios bibliotekos kai kurie architektūros ir veiklos bruožai

LTPaskutiniais dešimtmečiais mokslo pažanga inspiruoja ne tik technikos, bet socialinius, kultūrinius pokyčius. Formuojasi naujos kokybės informacinė visuomenė. Ji apibūdinama sparčiu informacijos srauto augimu ir didėjančia jos įvairove, informacijos kaip prekės traktuote, žinių ir informacijos industrijos susiformavimu, informacijos ir komunikacijos technikos ir technologijų plėtra, informacijos ir jos technologijų poveikiu visoms veiklos sritims, mokymosi ir darbo pobūdžiui bei kasdienio gyvenimo stiliui. Šiandien tradicinės bibliotekos tiek savo veiklos pobūdžiu, tiek architektūriniais sprendiniais netenkina šiuolaikinės informacinės visuomenės ir kokybiškai pakitusių jos informacinio aprūpinimo poreikių. Šio darbo tikslas - panagrinėti šiandieninių bibliotekų veiklos ir architektūros kai kuriuos aspektus, išryškinti pagrindinius veiksnius, turinčius įtakos jų architektūrai ir pateikti kai kurias bibliotekų projektavimo nuostatas [Iš Įvado].

ENThe last decades show that libraries are experiencing a critical period as the monopoly of information preservation and circulation is taken away by other more flexible information structures. The situation can become worse, if the notion of library activities is not changed. The aim of this article is to discuss the development tendencies of libraries, to determine the main factors influencing theiz architecture as well as to present some regulations for libraty design. The results of the sociological investigation performed show that the present libraries do not satisfy the changed needs of information society. Investigation of integrational boundaries between architecture and library science allowed to determine new integrated library factors such as library functions, library technologies, information data, as well as integrated architectural factors - spatial planning solutions. The results of investigating of these integrated factors indigate that the architectural solutions of contemporary libraries are often insufficiently adapted to library functions, library technologies as well as to the forms of information data. The Lithuanian libraries are falling behind the other world wide analogies not only by the usage of technique but alsoby the notion of library activities. This result ed from lack of coordination and connection of architectural and library investigations. Following the investigation of integrated factors and on the basis of the received results, architectural and library meansures are proposed: development of the functions of libraries by introducing into their activities educational, artistic training entertainment, rest, cultural and other functions. A new flexible model is suggested for a polifunctional library where at least one third of library quarters should be devoted to supplementary cultural activities of society.A new type library should consist of two functional segments: one for library information services, an other for social and cultural purposes. Mon-library services should become an additional object of attraction, increasig the amounts of library users. A contemporary public library should become a centre of information and culture, the home of society. An up-to-date library should accomplish the functions of a scientific library as well. Its architecture should be an object of virtual library science and virtual synthesis of architecture. The expression of virtual architecture are clear, laconic and simple forms open connected inside spaces, modem library information technologies as well as a high level of computerization and automation.