Par Kurzemi lietuviski: vietvārdu atveide

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Latvių kalba; Kitų kalbų tikriniai žodžiai; Vietovardžiai; Perteikimo normos; Kuržemė (Curonia); Latvian language; Lithuanian langage; Foreign proper names; Place names; Conveying norms.

ENThe aim of the research is to investigate the conveying and use of place Narnės of a region of Latvia, Kuržeme, in Lithuanian. The comparative and descriptive methods are employed; Latvian-Lithuanian and Lithuanian-Latvian dictionaries listing a part of Latvian place Narnės, including these in Kuržeme, and geographical Narnės in appendices of these dictionaries have been chosen as corpuses. Regularly, Latvian-Lithuanian dictionaries display a larger number of place Narnės (there are 115 of them in LLKŽ1977 and 38 in LLKŽ 2003); Lithuanian-Latvian dictionaries contain fever place Narnės (10 in LLV 1964 and 17 in LLV 1995). The data from lexicographical sources is supplemented with the Narnės of settlements throughout Kuržeme included in the article by Laimute Balode and Kazimieras Garšva (34 in total, including 7 absent from dictionaries). The sample of 121 place Narnės of Kuržeme in total (102 simple and 19 compound Narnės) has been formed. They have been cxplored according to the objects they name: 1) name of a region; 2) Narnės of settlements (oikonyms); 3) Narnės of water bodies (hydronyms); 4) Narnės of other objects. In some cases, the occurrences of Kuržeme place Narnės in the press and some publications for tourists have been surveyed. In the Lithuanian language, Latvian place Narnės are usually used either in traditional (used by Lithuanians) forms or, if such variants are unavailable, conveyed according to pronunciation and valid norms (recent amendments have been made in Lithuania in 2004).Attention is mostly paid to the equivalents of long vowels and soft consonants in Lithuanian, also to the conveying of the letter o by the diphthong uo or the vowel o (depending on pronunciation in Latvian), and, in the aspect of grammatical conveying, to the equivalents of flexions in place Narnės. The name of the region Kuržeme (Engl. Curonia) is conveyed in Lithuanian by using both its equivalents Kuršas (this form as the first one is included in Latvian-Lithuanian dictionaries) and Kuržemė, i. e. the second component of the compound, -žemė, is substituted with the Lithuanian equivalent -žemė (meaning ’land'). Hoverer, in practice, especially in publications for tourists, other forms are found, too. Regarding the principles of conveying Latvian proper Narnės, 92 oikonyms of Kuržeme in Lithuanian and their equivalence to the forms of the source language have been investigated. The most of difficulties appear in compounds including the second component-ciems, -rags (flexion -osshould be used instead of the earlier used flexion -is), -pils (the paradigm of declensions partly changes: the place Narnės including this component obtain masculine flexion in genitive), -osta (for instance, the surveyed sources provided three different forms of the place name Pavilosta: Paviluostas, Paviluostis and Paviluosta), etc. There are 22 hydronyms in the group of Kuržeme place Narnės: Narnės of 10 rivers and 11 lakes, a name of a strait. An exceptional place among the Narnės of rivers is taken by the rivers Crossing the territories of both countries: the Šventoji Crossing the Latvian territory is called Šventėja, and when Crossing Lithuania, it is Šventojo.The name Vadakste is used in the traditional form Vadakstis in Lithuanian. Ali Narnės of lakęs in Kuržeme, except for one, Ciecere, are recorded in dictionaries as compounds, including the nomenclature word ezers (Engl. lake) which is translated into Lithuanian (cf. ežeras). The compound place name Irbesjūrasšaurums (LLKŽ1977) is conveyed in Lithuanian by a combination of words Irbėssgsiauris (Engl. Irbe Strait) becausetheappellativesgsiauris has no other meaning (cf. Latvian 'jūras šaurums'). The sample of 12 Narnės of other objects comprises Narnės of districts, parts of cities, nature reserve and two geographical objects, a cape and a hill. Certain considerations apply to conveying the Narnės of the parts of cities, for instance, the place name Parventa is translated into Lithuanian as Užventis (LLKŽ 1977; it would be preferable to retain the name Parventa). The compound name Kolkas rags is conveyed as a combination of words Kolkos ragas in all sources i n Lithuanian, usually adding a commentary meaning a cape or point, and Kuržemės augstiene is conveyed as Kuršo aukštuma (an equivalent name of the region, Kuršas (Engi. Curonia), is chosen). To conclude, place Narnės of Kuržeme are generally conveyed quite accurately in all lexicographical sources or at least comply with the norms that were valid at the time of publishing. However, in practice a nevv tendency is observed to write Latvian place Narnės in the forms of the source language, even if the place name has some specific diacritics; nevertheless, these forms are declined following the norms of the Lithuanian language. This demonstrates that Latvian proper Narnės are treated like other proper Narnės of other foreign languages (the conveying of them grounding on pronunciation is nolongeranoption). [lvb.lt]