Nuolatinės privalomosios pradinės karo tarnybos karių tarnybos motyvacija: subjektyvus dalyvių vertinimas

LTStraipsnyje analizuojama Lietuvos kariuomenės karių tarnybos motyvacija, remiantis jų nuomonėmis. Formuluojama karių tarnybos motyvacijos teorinė prieiga, akcentuojama vertybių reikšmė motyvacijos procese, išskiriami lūkesčiai, remiantis V. H. Vroom’o lūkesčių teorija, kurie lemia nuolatinę privalomąją tarnybą atliekančių karių tarnybos motyvaciją. Remiantis atlikto tyrimo analize teigiama, kad esama karių tarnybos motyvacijos sistema patys kariai patenkinti tik iš dalies. Be to, tyrimo rezultatai leidžia patvirtinti suformuluotą hipotezę ir teigti, kad savanoriškai bei privaloma tvarka atliekančių nuolatinę privalomąją pradinę karo tarnybą (toliau – NPPKT) karių tarnybos motyvacija skiriasi, nes jų karo tarnybą lemiantys lūkesčiai nėra tapatūs. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Nuolatinė privalomoji pradinė karo tarnyba; Kariai; Tarnybos motyvacija; Continuous mandatory initial military service; Soldiers; Motivation for military service.

ENMotivated military service in joint development and ensuring of military security capabilities of the country is related to serving soldiers, who implement the military security strategies and determine the qualitative results and efficiency of the performed activities. The current factors of motivation, applied to the soldiers by the National Defence System of the Republic of Lithuania, are abstract and non-specific. Furthermore, there is too little research or studies to justify the (non) successful results of the current motivation system. Recognizing the importance of military service motivation, there is a need to look for theoretical and empirical assurances which, as a starting point, would allow to assess the motivation of military service. In Lithuania, the continuous mandatory initial military service (hereinafter referred to as CMIMS) is based not only on the principle of volunteering, but also on coercion (the laws provide for punishment for avoiding mandatory initial military service), therefore, we have not only volunteer soldiers, but also conscript soldiers. It should be noted that, in comparison with 2015, the number of conscript soldiers under mandatory military service increases. The work of the authorities is not just imposition of sanctions, but also to encourage the soldiers to engage in joint activities. In order to get them involved, it is necessary to find out the expectations, the reasons why soldiers decide to participate or remain passive in the service. The scientific and practical problem is formulated by the question of what does determine the motivation of the soldiers, who are under continuous mandatory military service and how do they evaluate the present motivation system of the Lithuanian Armed Forces?.Based on the results of the local empirical research, it was found that the respondents are partly satisfied with the current motivation system of the military service. Upon assessing the results of the quantitative research and limiting it to the identified institutional and pragmatic motives, it is concluded that the motivation of the CMIMS military service is based on the institutional type of motivation. The motivation of the service is particularly influenced by the voluntary coming to military service. Upon comparing the volunteer soldiers and conscript soldiers, are under continuous mandatory initial military service at the same place of service, their service motivation was characterized by statistically significant different: the volunteers are more satisfied with the service and have a better impression of it, are more motivated to achieve good results in the service, have more favourable opinion towards the National Defense Forces and think about further professional service than conscript soldiers. In addition, based on the theoretical analysis and the results of other authors’ research, the active involvement and satisfaction with military service is related to the ability of a soldier to actualize the processes taking place in the world, as well as to personal values and attitudes. Military values strengthen and unite the soldiers as personalities. Values are an important tool for enhancing motivation. Considering the results of the empirical study, CMIMS soldiers have highlighted the lack of activity and initiative.Finally, it was found that the expectations of CMIMS soldiers have only partially been met. Realizing that soldiers will only seek for their goals, if they meet their expectations, it is important to look for different ways to motivate military service. When looking for a solution to improve the motivation of military service, it should be noted that attention should be paid on the material and non-material promotion of the service, on more qualified staff, on the quality of the exercise, on the provision and on the motivation itself. While examining the issue of motivation for military service, there is still room for experts and scientists to make suggestions and put forward recommendations to improve the results of motivation for military service. [From the publication]

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