Krepšininkų rengimas

LTŠio darbo tikslas - išnagrinėti šiuolaikinį krepšininkų rengimo vyksmą, kaip ilgalaikį žmogaus ugdymo reiškinį, pagrįstą mokslo principais; remiantis empiriniais duomenimis ir teorine analize, papildyti jau žinomas treniravimo technologijas naujais ir moksliškai pagrįstais metodais; nuodugniai išanalizavus įvairaus amžiaus ir meistriškumo krepšininkų rengimą, jų adaptacijos prie fizinių krūvių raidą, technikos veiksmų mokymą, pateikti ilgalaikio rengimo gaires. Tikimasi, kad šiame darbe pateikta medžiaga papildys edukologijos, sporto mokslą naujomis, originaliomis žiniomis, tyrimų duomenimis, loginiu mąstymu pagrįstomis teorinėmis išvadomis ir praktinėmis rekomendacijomis. Monografijoje pateikti tyrimų rezultatai buvo publikuoti Lietuvos ir užsienio mokslo leidiniuose, skaityti pranešimai tarptautinėse mokslo konferencijose. Šis darbas yra skirtas kūno kultūros, sporto, krepšinio, žaidimų ir kitų sporto šakų specialybių studentams. Tikimasi, kad pateikta medžiaga pravers krepšinio treneriams, ieškantiems būdų, kaip geriau pažinti ir tobulinti treniravimo sistemas [Iš Įvado].

EN[...] The aim of the work is to examine the process of the contemporary training of basketball players as a long-term phenomenon of human development based on scientific principles; on the basis of empirical data and theoretical analysis, to complement the already known training techniques with new and scientifically based methods; after a thorough analysis of training basketball players of all ages and different skills, the evolution of their adaptation to physical loads, technical training actions, to provide guidelines of longterm training. This work is expected to complement the sciences of education and sport with new, original knowledge and research data, theoretical findings and practical recommendations based on logical reasoning. Research results presented in the monograph were published in Lithuanian and foreign scientific journals, presentations were given at international scientific conferences. This work is intended for students in physical education, sport, basketball, games and other sports specializations. The materials are expected to serve basketball coaches who look for ways to get to know and improve the sports coaching systems. Conclusions: Training basketball players is a long and systematic process which consists of special events, factors and measures meant to guarantee the increase of human physical powers and harmonious development of personality. It is guided by didactic principles, and is based on the physical exercise the successful application of which is supported by verbal, visual and practical approaches. The multiannual training lasts on average 30 years, and four significant stages of human development are identified in it: initial training, special training, aiming at major sports results, and maintenance of high performance.In the selection of players, it is important to consider that and select appropriate monitoring and evaluation methods. The selection of talented players begins at a very early age according to genetically determined physical and mental characteristics. Further selection is based on the natural physical development, adaptation of the human body to applied specific physical loads, the ability to control movements, appropriate character and proper understanding of the game. Children attending basketball faster develop physically than their non-athlete peers: training encourages their active body-weight gain, develops muscle strength and power, positively affects the circulatory and respiratory functions, as well as their psychomotorics. Due to targeted selection, male and female basketball players of all ages are on average 10 per cent taller than their peers. Basketball practice of several years improves motor control, increases working capacity, develops muscle mass and their functions. Lithuanian elite players do not possess great physical fitness: their indices of muscle power, muscle contraction speed, psychomotor reaction speed are insufficient. The reasons for this may include: decreased human physical activity, poor selection, and weaknesses of training strategy. It is necessary to consider that while training players.In today's basketball training, general endurance training is changed by targeted work performed according to the duration of the game and the rest intervals. Well prepared players are characterized by a low fatigue index when they carry out high-capacity work. The main function of the respiratory and circulatory systems in basketball game is not the supply of oxygen and other substances to enduring slow twitch fibres, but urgent recovery of fast twitch fibres by removing the remnants of metabolism, quickly restoring energy and other substances that they could intensively function again. Basketball players achieve high results when fast twitch muscle fibres are activated. Technical training of players begins at an earlier age. Even in the kindergarten children learn some technical actions and successfully apply them under more complex conditions. While competing they begin to understand the purpose of these actions, analyse situations and evaluate them. Movement mistakes are commonly made due to poor or late training, poor understanding of the game situation, also because of the fear of making mistakes. Many of the game's technical actions can be improved by developing physical skills; it helps to solve a number of problems integrally, make the players more interested in work, and avoid monotony.