Katalikiškosios pridedamosios pamaldos Lietuvoje : Švč. M. Marijos kalbamasis bei giedamasis rožinis. Vėlinės. Šermenys ir mirusiųjų minėjimai

LTStraipsnyje kalbama apie Švč. Mergelės Marijos kalbamąjį bei giedamąjį rožinį, Vėlinių dieną bei per šermenis kalbamas ar giedamas maldas. Pristatoma apeigų sandara, tvarka, atlikimo ypatumai įvairiuose Lietuvos regionuose. Taip pat pateikiama lentelė su Lietuvoje atliekamomis pridedamosiomis pamaldomis. Lentelėje nurodoma pamaldų pavadinimai, kilmė, būdingasis regionas, atlikimo vieta ir laikas bei atliekami apeiginiai papročiai. Pastebėtina, kad lietuviui mielesnė buvo giesmė nei malda (gal ir dėl to, kad giesmę lengviau išmokdavo ir tie, kurie nemokėjo skaityti). Pridedamųjų pamaldų giesmė atspindėjo ir žmonių jausmus, ir tikėjimo tiesas. Žmonės nedaug tekreipė dėmesio į formą, labiau žiūrėta turinio: jis suvokiamas širdimi, ieškota giesmėje išsakomos minties. Tuo galima paaiškinti lietuvių prisirišimą prie pridedamųjų pamaldų.Reikšminiai žodžiai: Švč.M.Marijos rožinis; Vėlinės; šermenys; Mirusiųjų minėjimas; The Rosary of the Holy Virgin Marie; All Saints' Day; All Souls' Day; Commemorating the dead; Katalikai; Pamaldos; Catholic; Adittional services.

ENThe Rosary of the Holy Virgin Mary which recited and chanted in our churches is practised before evening services on each week-day and before the Masses on all Sundays of the year whereas in October - every day, even at home, on trips etc. The Rosary is a devotion being recited or chanted throughout Lithuania with the origins of it coming from the Spanish Dominican practice. A number of additional services are held on All Saints' Day and on All Soul's Day. They contain Mournful Hours practised on all Saints' Day and on all Souls' Day (correspondingly November 1st and 2nd), at funeral services and in the commemoration of the dead in Southwestern and Northwestern Žemaitija as well as in Northern Aukštaitija. In Southwestern and Northwestern Žemaitija and in Aukštaitija the services for commemorating the dead and those practised at funerals bear a very special character. On such occasions the Kalnai of the Žemaičiai Kalvarija in Žemaitija and the Rosary after the Name of the Most Holy Jesus in Aukštaitija are being performed. Specific funeral hymns are characteristic of all Lithuanian ethnographic regions. The Karunka (wreath) of the Sorrows and Joys of the Holy Virgin Mary and the hymn called "The Angel of the Lord" arc the most significant ones of all of them. With the end of a wide range of the articles of the cycle covering the church folk calendar the author points out the following ethnological peculiarities with regard to additional services in Lithuania: 1. Out of twenty one additional services fixed in Lithuania thirteen of them are practised in Žemaitija (six of them are known exceptional in Žemaitija) and eleven - in Aukštaitija (only four of them are exceptional).2. Exceptionally in Žemaitija the Way of the Cross consisting of fourteen stations with the prayers for the dead is made in church. 3. The Rosary of the Most Holy Name of Jesus with the exception of the one which is performed during funeral services or at home in the commemoration for the dead is exceptional and is used in the prayer for the dead on the Holy Steps of Vilnius and Tytuvėnai. 4. In Žemaitija the chanting of the prayers of the Kalnai of Žemaičiai Kalvarija accompanied by musical instruments demonstrates a specific phenomenon of the religious practice. 5. In Aukštaitija the main additional services contain the chanting of the prayers and hymns of the Rosary of the Most Holy Name of Jesus. The greatest number of the additional services contain the Šilinės Festival which contain the Karunka of the Roud of Seven Sorrows of the Sorrowful Mother of God of the Šiluva Revelation chapel and the Karunka of Seven Sorrows of the Sorrowful Mother of God of the Jewelry chapel of the Šiluva church as well as the Karunka of the Seven Sorrows of the Mother of God of the churchyard of the Tytuvėnai Bernardine monastery and additional services of the Holy steps and Stations. Fifteen additional services out of twenty one are those performed in the way of chanting. Only the Karunka of Seven Sorrows of the Sorrowful Mother of the Jewelry Chapel of the church in Šiluva, the Karunka of Seven Sorrows of the Mother of God of the churchyard of the Bernardine monastery of the church in Tytuvėnai, the prayers on the way made along the Holy Steps of the chapels of the churchyards of the Bernardine monasteries in Vilnius and in Tytuvėnai as well as the Rosary of the Holy Virgin Mary and in October are those performed exceptionally in the way of reciting.Fifteen or seventeen additional services, such as Holy Virgin Mary Hours of Advent, Plaintive Mourns, May and June services, the Way of the Cross of the Vilnius and Vepriai calvaries of a dolorous path of the Vepriai Mary, the Žemaičiai Kalvarija, the Way of the Cross of the Beržoras calvaries, Seven Stations of the path of the Sorrowful Mother of God of the Šiluva Revelation Chapel, Mournful Hours as well as the Way of the Cross and with 14 stations for the commemoration of the dead and at funeral services in Žemaitija and in the Rosary of the Name of the Most Holy Jesus which is performed on the Holy Steps of the churchyard of the Vilnius Bernardine monastery. Hence it is apparent what important role was played by hymns and by instrumental music in additional services throughout Lithuania. In Lithuania additional services (the Rarotos of Advent, the Hours of the Holy Virgin Mary, the Way of the Cross with fourteen stations, Plaintive Mourns, the Rosary of the Most Holy Name of Jesus and the stations of the Seven Sorrows of the Mother of God (or the Karunka) were developed and disseminated by the abbey of the Franciscans (Bernardines). In Lithuania additional services of the Way of the Cross with fourteen stations of the Beržoras calvaries and the Holy steps of the churchyards of the Bernardine monasteries in Vilnius and in Tytuvėnai have been created by this abbey. Apart from the Fransciscans (Bernardines) Lithuanian prayers and hymns for the additional services have been also created by other abbeys, by Dominicans in particular. In Lithuania additional services such as the Rosary of the Holy Virgin Mary both being recited and being chanted have been disseminated and created by them. Out of the additional services the Rarotos and Plaintive Mourns arc characteristic only in Lithuania and Poland. [From the publication]