Latvijas lietuviešu sarunvalodas specifika: darbības vārdu lietošana

ENLithuanians living in Latvia usually use their mother tongue in daily communication; therefore, the functions of this language have become narrower. Mostly, a variety of spoken language is attributed to a common feature of a freer use and neglect of linguistic requirements. Living in a foreign linguistic environment, it is difficult to avoid the impact of other languages; therefore, in the present case Lithuanian as a native language can be impacted by Latvian as a dominating language of state residents. Changes in the native language observed in a foreign language environment have already been investigated in various aspects, usually at the levels of phonetics and lexis. The presentation will investigate the use of one of the parts of speech, verb, in greater detail. In the spoken Lithuanian of Latvian Lithuanians we noticed certain specificity regarding choosing verbs. Some cases reveal the impact of the linguistic environment, for instance, semantically incorrect (of the other meaning) verbs are used in sentences. The verbs of Lithuanian include elements of composition characteristic to Latvian, usually prefixes. Quite often, the cases of literally translated Latvian verbs are observed. Verbal constructions following an example of Latvian are used. Also, Lithuanian of Latvian Lithuanians, just like the spoken Lithuanian of Lithuanians living in Lithuania characteristically contains abundance of vernacularisms, loan-translations or barbarisms. A clear feature of spoken language is the shortening of endings in sentences. The investigated choice of verbs and the use of their forms prove that some verbs or their forms are broadly spread in the spoken Lithuanian of Latvian Lithuanians; other cases ought to be treated as individual (occasional).