Europos Sąjungos finansinės paramos vidaus saugumo srityje, kurią gauna Lietuvos teisėsaugos institucijos, apimtis ir paskirstymas: efektyvesnio mechanizmo tobulinimo link
LTŠiame straipsnyje analizuojama Europos Sąjungos (toliau – ES) finansinės paramos vidaus saugumo srityje, kurią gauna Lietuvos teisėsaugos institucijos, paskirstymo tvarka ir efektyvaus mechanizmo sukūrimo galimybės. Šiuo metu Vidaus saugumo srityje 2014-2020 m. finansinėje perspektyvoje identifikuojamos šios svarbiausios sritys: sienos ir vizos; nusikaltimų prevencija ir kova su jais; rizikos ir krizių valdymas; specialioji tranzito schema. 2014 m. buvo apsispręsta sukurti veiksmingesnę ES finansinės paramos sistemą, kuri teiktų daugiau pridėtinės vertės tiems vidaus saugumo tikslams, kurių būtų siekiama ir atskiromis ES programomis, numatytomis kiekvienos valstybės narės. Straipsnį sudaro dvi dalys. Pirmojoje dalyje aptariamos bendrosios ES finansinės paramos paskirstymo nuostatos. Antrojoje dalyje atlikto interviu gautų duomenų pagrindu analizuojamas ES finansinės paramos vidaus saugumo srityje paskirstymo mechanizmas ir pateikiamos įžvalgos dėl šio mechanizmo tobulinimo. Atlikto tyrimo metu nustatyta, jog paskirstant ES finansinę paramą, laikomasi tam tikrų principinių nuostatų, koreliuojančių su ES teisės aktais. Tačiau nacionaliniu lygmeniu (tiek Vidaus reikalų ministerijos (toliau – VRM), tiek šios institucijos pavaldžiose įstaigose) būtina tikslinti ES finansinės paramos paskirstymo/administravimo mechanizmą. Siekiant efektyvesnio sisteminio tokios paramos paskirstymo mechanizmo, straipsnyje diskutuojama dėl konkrečių siūlymų įgyvendinimo.
ENWhen allocating the EU’s financial support in the field of internal security, certain principal regulations are applied, correlating with the EU’s legislation. However, in the national level (both in MIA (Ministry of the Interior) and in subordinate institutions) it is necessary to revise the distribution / administration mechanism of EU's financial support. In the current situation it is difficult to clearly assess the level of efficiency of EU's financial support distribution, since there is no clear definition of the order of such support’s distribution. It is also necessary to elaborate the EU’s financial support distribution criteria. The introduction of such criteria (leverages) would allow more rational, transparent and objective distribution of EU’s financial support. The introduction of objectivity criteria will not call into question the validity of support distribution. In order to achieve more effective EU’s financial support distribution mechanism, it is necessary to review current practices, and firstly to allocate the particular sum not for the specific priority (area) but to provide targeted spending needs in the inside of certain area, and only then to generalize the need to specific priority (area). Thus unintentional and wasteful spending of funds would be avoided. A systematic solution to this issue would allow both the Ministry of the Interior and subordinate institutions, including the Police department, to apply the uniform EU’s financial support distribution mechanism, based on rationality, transparency and objectivity principles, systematic and measured behavior. It is also suggested when evaluating the EU and other funding sources to create a financial source correlation system: to create the map of funded areas, which would allow to see whether there is a duplication of the same areas financed by different sources.In order to achieve more effective systemic distribution of EU’s financial support mechanism, the EU financial support distribution model should be introduced in accordance with a number of components: - to make the legal regulation of EU’s financial support distribution more exact in the level of Ministry of Interior (to specify the provisions according to: responsible subjects, the EU’s support distribution criteria, EU’s support distribution procedures and importance of priorities by distributing the support; support distribution mechanism). - to define the criteria of EU's financial support distribution, according to which the EU’s financial support is distributed. Criteria (leverages) would allow a more rational and objective distribution of EU’s financial support. - to determine (specify) the EU’s financial support distribution procedures and importance of priorities when distributing the support logically ranking the priorities according to their importance and providing a very clear position as to why a particular priority has specific need for funds. - to specify the EU’s financial support distribution mechanism while providing in advance the target expenditure need inside the area, and only then generalizing a need for specific area.
