Socialinės rizikos paauglių orumo palaikymas socialinio darbuotojo veiklos praktikoje
LTStraipsnyje analizuojami socialinės rizikos paauglių orumo palaikymo veiksniai socialinio darbuotojo veiklos praktikoje. Šiandien paaugliai sunkiai savo jėgomis išlaiko savo orumą. Orumas yra išlaikomas dialogu su kitais, pripažįstant vienas kito teisę į neliečiamybę. Socialiai pažeisti paaugliai susiduria su savo asmens vertės problema kitų atžvilgiu. Paaugliams dėl nesugebėjimo savęs atskleisti ir pademonstruoti savo galimybių visuomenei priimtinais būdais, nepakankamo dalyvavimo socialiniame gyvenime, menkavertiškumo jausmo, menkų socialinių interesų, patekusiems į socialinę atskirtį, nesugebėjusiems išspręsti problemą laiku, sunku jausti savo vertę, reikalingumą visuomenėje, o pamynę moralines, visuomenės elgesio normas, tuo pačiu, pamina ir savo orumą, praranda savo asmens vertingumą. Straipsnyje analizuojama socialinės rizikos paauglių orumo pamenkinimo situacijos, per socialinės atskirties konceptą. Tai sąlygoja paauglių patekimą į socialinio darbuotojo pagalbos lauką. Buvo išanalizuoti socialinės rizikos paauglių atsakymai apie jų ir socialinių darbuotojų santykius pagalbos metu. Duomenys atskleidė, kad socialinio darbuotojo veikla yra reikšminga, nes jam suteikiamos galios padėti paaugliams. Šioje veikloje žmogiškasis aspektas tampa pats socialinis darbuotojas, nuo jo įdėtų galių ir asmenybės kilnumo priklauso socialinės rizikos paauglių pastangos „grįžti“ į visuomenę, taip pajausti savo vertę bei atstatyti žmogiškąjį orumą. Socialinis darbuotojas padeda jiems atstatyti žmogiškąjį orumą, kurdamas pagalbos santykį, kuriame vienas iš svarbiausių dalių yra pats socialinis darbuotojas, jo profesionalus elgesys su paaugliais.
ENHuman dignity is not just a preoccupation of every individual separately. Adolescents in our contemporary life usually have difficulties to maintain dignity through their own efforts. On the contrary, dignity is maintained through a reciprocal dialogue and acceptance of every human’s immunity. Without the community and relationships with other people and a relational network the person is not able to state neither the individuality of others nor her/his own individuality. Hence, dignity is a communal value. In other words, a person with dignity consists not only of the aspects that one should defend, sometimes desperately, through her/his own efforts (Donskis, 2013). The main purpose of every person is to understand her/his own essence and maintain the dignity in interpersonal relations with the aim to be recognized and respected (Virbalienė & Žydžiūnaitė, 2010). However, socially affected adolescents confront the issue of their personal worth in another way as well. If one finds her/himself socially excluded and does not solve problems at the right time, it becomes more difficult to understand her/his own worth and that s/he is needed in the society. Adolescents with social issues have no abilities to emphasize their own uniqueness and authenticity; they stop to progress physically, intellectually and spiritually. In this way such adolescents enter the field of social worker’s help. In this field of help, one of the main factors in the restoration of human dignity is the social worker her/himself: her/his personality can have a huge influence on the client. The main research question in this study is the following: what factors of the labour of a social worker who works with adolescents at social risk could have influence in evoking their dignity and maintaining it during the helping process?.The research aim is to reveal the maintenance of dignity of adolescents at social risk during the social worker‘s labour practices. The research object: the maintenance of dignity of adolescents at social risk during the social worker’s labour practices. Research methods: theoretical literature review and open questions analysis. The method of content analysis was applied. The results show that adolescents who are socially excluded or who have social problems experience intensively social tension and all its consequences: puberty, addictions, and losses. In a sudden social change adolescents lose their feeling of worthiness and their dignity is violated or downgraded. Adolescents with social problems cannot spotlight their uniqueness and oneness, their physical, intellectual and spiritual development stops; they lose their feeling of security and consider themselves as unnecessary members of the society. The social worker creates a helpful relationship where the essential component is the social worker her/himself and her/his professional activity; after creating this relationship, s/he can restore the dignity of adolescents at social risk, which is maintained and restored by following the principle of cooperation that is based on moral values, mutual preoccupation, reciprocal respect, sincerity, confidentiality and empathy. If one fulfills these requirements, trust and the opportunity to open oneself are created, and the rights of decision and choice are sustained. The social worker’s professional work, creativity and the principle of subsidiarity permit the creation of helping techniques that help in consulting: it causes the strengthening of the self-confidence and responsibility.
