Juodžemiškasis teatras : lietuviško žodžio kelias iš uždraustos spaudos puslapių į teatro sceną

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Gabrielė Petkevičaitė-Bitė; Juodžemiškasis teatras; Kultūros istorija; Lietuvos teatro (1885-1904) istorija; Spaudos draudimas; Teatras; Vaižgantas; Žemaitė; Beginning of the Lithuanian Theatre (1885-1904); Gabrielė Petkevičaitė -Bitė; History of culture; Lithuanian press prohibition period; Theatre; Vaižgantas.

ENThe article examines the beginning of the Lithuanian Theatre (1885-1904), the origins of which were formed during the Lithuanian press prohibition period, reveals the vision of the higher theatre embodies in the drama translations into the Lithuanian language, the first original concept of the Lithuanian higher theatre (Vydūnas' Theatre that functioned in the Lithuanian part of Prussia) and the phenomenon of the Juodžemiškasis Theatre. The metaphor of the Juodžemiškasis Theatre has been developed as based on Balys Sruoga's terminology that the most precisely defined the essence of this type of theatre: Lithuanian theatre performances initiated by the „University origin" - intellectuals and students were not only staged with participation of villagers or workers (newcomers from the village), but also were addressed mostly to the community representing the „soil" origin. Based on the first performances from the Theatre repertoire and relative publications in press, the article presents the theatre culture development in its certain stages: theatre promoting and explanation, recognizing certain internal „theatre" and striving to create existing almost in every human being, different theatre revelations in everyday life and even the parasitic theatricality by the Tsarist rule. In Lithuania, theatre as type of aesthetical entertainment was transformed into public theatre during a relatively short time. Eventually, emotionally charged performance became the platform for development of the national consciousness; the platform used by a hero of modem times, consciously matured Lithuanian. A conclusion is made that the Juodžemiškasis Theatre performances, primitive from the theatrical and literary point of view, should be valued as a unique document of cultural history revealing the primordial experience of drama, theatre and performance, a long time ago passed into oblivion in most of other cultures. [From the publication]