ENLivonian war, waged by Lithuanian army against Swedes in 1625-1626, showed very clearly, that without hctmans help (commander-in-chief) any military preparation would have been very difficult or even impossible. Using their private resources: men, money or raw materials Lithuanian commanders were able to build quite the large army. The king Sigismund III's decisions, quarrels among high - ranking officers and military blunders did not allow to use these forces properly. Structure of the army, composition of oncer's corps and troops' strength was heavily influenced by hctmans. Maintaining army in the camp was possible because of their considerable borrowing. They used their vast landed estates as a source of food, arms and military equipment. Hetmans were responsible for camp and march discipline and civilians protection, however their achievements in that area were rather modest.