Lietuvos šaulių sąjunga valstybės gynyboje XX a. 4-ajame dešimtmetyje: šaulių parengtis karinėms užduotims vykdyti

LTPer pirmąjį XXI a. dešimtmetį lietuvių istoriografijoje yra įrodyta, kad pokario antisovietinės rezistencijos metu ženklų vaidmenį atliko šauliai. Natūralu, kad didžioji dalis jų karinių ir organizacinių gebėjimų formavosi Lietuvos šaulių sąjungos veiklos metais taikos metu, t. y. XX a. 4-ajame dešimtmetyje, kai vyko intensyvus kariuomenės modernizavimo ir reformavimo bei Lietuvos šaulių sąjungos integracijos į valstybės gynybos sistemą procesas. Šio straipsnio (1) tikslas – išanalizuoti šaulių parengties karinėms užduotims vykdyti raidą, keliant hipotezę, kad įvairiuose mokymuose įgyta kovinė patirtis ne tik galėjo, bet ir turėjo būti panaudota 1944 m. prasidėjusio partizaninio karo Lietuvoje metu. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Lietuvos šaulių sąjunga; Partizaninio karo taktika; Lietuvos kariuomenė; Valstybės gynyba; Partizaninis karas; Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union; Organizing partisan war; Lithuanian army; State defense; Guerilla war.

ENThe article discusses a purposeful formation of military and organizational skills in the Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union in the third decade of the 20th century in Lithuania. This particular period was significant for the processes of intensive army modernization and reformation and the integration of the Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union into the state defense system. The article analyses the development of riflemen preparation for the military actions. It is claimed that the experience gained in military training could be, had to be and was used during the Lithuanian guerilla war in 1944. In the second half of the third decade of the 20th century, in order to integrate the Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union into the state defense system, the leaders of the Lithuanian army prepared plans which clearly defined the place of the riflemen in state defense. Specific tasks were formed according to which the riflemen had to guarantee the undercover of mobilization; to resist the enemy in case of war by constructing barriers or destroying objects of engineering; to work as scouts; to initiate partisan activity in the rear of the enemy. The creation, administration and realization of the plans were trusted for the headquarters of army divisions and the Riflemen’s Union, which successfully implemented the tasks despite certain problems. In case of the critical circumstances, the members of the Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union had to be able to gather and unite reliable people from the local communities to fight for the Lithuanian freedom. Therefore, riflemen training had to help them to acquire leading skills and knowledge of partisan war. The preparation of riflemen was in accord with the plans of the army leadership; the content of riflemen training was often revised and updated. In the third decade of the 20th century, the preparation of riflemen for military actions involved all units of the Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union.During the two or three years of intensive training in Lithuania (1937/1938–1940), approximately 15–20% of riflemen acquired various special skills: group leadership, barrier building, organizing explosions; conducting works of deconstruction; fighting and organizing partisan war. Thus it can be stated that the fighting experience gained during the training could have been successfully used during the partisan war at the end of and after the WWII. [From the publication]

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