Bajorų interesai XVIII amžiaus Vilniuje, privačios korespondencijos duomenimis

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjamos bajorų laiškų, rašytų iš Vilniaus 1717-1775 m., pagrindinės temos ir tendencijos. Į Vilnių atvykę bajorai paliko plačius ir gausius korespondencijos rinkinius, kurie saugomi Lietuvos, Lenkijos, Vokietijos bei Rusijos Federacijos bibliotekose ir archyvuose. Darbe tiriama, kokios atvykimo į Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės sostinę priežastys vyravo aristokratų ir eilinių bajorų laiškuose. Straipsnyje siekiama išsiaiškinti, kokie politiniai-teisiniai, ekonominiai interesai vyravo korespondencijoje, kas buvo rašoma apie kultūros naujienas ir asmeninius išgyvenimus Vilniuje. Taip pat svarstoma laiško informacinės funkcijos to meto visuomenėje svarba, korespondencijos kaip istorinio šaltinio problematika, jo panaudojimo istoriko darbe specifika. [Iš leidinio]

ENIn 18th century Vilnius the interests of the representatives of both city residents and nobles as well as representatives of other estates conflicted and they were reflected in various sources. This article explores the correspondence of lay nobles from Vilnius also mentioning the trends of Vilnius events in 1717-1775. Vilnius was the most important city of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and thus the nobles had various interests, both political legal, and economic, and, of course, personal. Although private correspondence is a rather complex source, it opens wide opportunities to look at the activities of the nobles in the environment of the city. Although some of the nobles were permanent residents of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania capital, most of them nevertheless were still newcomers and were in Vilnius only for a certain time. Many of the nobles in their letters emphasized that they were going to the city for their own interests or those of their patrons, though not always specifically naming them. From the political-legal interests the most often mentioned were the dietines of Vilnius, as well as of Smolensk and Starodub, confederations and political negotiations. However, perhaps the most important topic was the sessions held in Vilnius of the Supreme Tribunal of Lithuania, at which not only economic but also political influence questions were decided.The letters of the Tribunal judges and marshals have remained. In the letters often not only the course of the dietines or Tribunal is described, but also their backstage. Information about other courts was not so plentiful. Crimes and punishments in Vilnius were also regularly described in letters, and also accounts of trips to Vilnius for document searches. Economic interests in the letters were quite common, that was information about debts, contracts, taxes, duties, home construction, and property issues in the Vilnius area. Often coming to Vilnius nobles cared for the interests of their holdings - i.e. village or city spaces. Also, there exist in the letters broad panoramas describing events in Vilnius. The nobles, and especially the aristocrats, sought to learn as much as possible about what is happening in Vilnius, and this is reflected in the correspondences. The letters mention, but not particularly often, other events of Vilnius (the factor of the Russian imperial army, holidays, banquets), as well as small domestic, personal impressions of the capital. Cultural news is very rarely found in the letters of the lay nobles, usually - it is information about the newspapers sent to the province. [From the publication]