ENThe main concept of this presentation could be formulated in a simple phrase: in the global stage local events are neither noticed nor significant. But the results of common local initiatives have a chance to put them in a conspicuous position. There is some reason to maintain that the three Baltic states have a tie with their common two hundred years of experience of forced inclusion in the Russian Empire, and with the independence experience between the two world wars. In the present circumstances, the Baltic joint aspirations would clarify the local regional cultural uniqueness and the Baltic geopolitical significance within the European historical context. The author of presentation deals with the Baltic history of science in the 20th century and onwards by incorporating there the context of political and historical events. After discussing the factual material he suggests two conclusions intended for the first time to the national institutions of the history of science.