ENThe development of both Lithuanian scientific pedagogical mind and education has originated at the beginning of the 20th century. Just then the first Lithuanian schools have emerged. In Panevėžys Saulės Association (Panevėžys Branch) primarily took care of educational matters in the area. On October 1,1915 the first Lithuanian gymnasium in the territory of Lithuania was set up in Panevėžys. The paper spotlights organisational education problems characteristic to the first Lithuanian Independence period (1918-1940). Education organisation process in the state-owned men's schools, as well as girls' schools has been highlighted through practical pedagogical and scientific activities of the eminent local educators who governed gymnasiums.