Merginų kūno sudėjimas: požiūrio į savo kūną vertinimas
LTŽmogaus kūno dydis ir proporcijos priklauso ne tik nuo biologinių, bet ir nuo socialinių bei ekonominių veiksnių. Pastebėta, kad daugelyje šalių daugėja nutukusių žmonių, kinta jų kūno proporcijos ir sudėtis, ypač keičiasi jaunų moterų kūno forma – daugėja ,,obuolio“ tipo nutukimo atvejų, prastėja lytinė sveikata. Pastaruoju metu idealizuojamas jaunų, lieknų, net liesų moterų kūnas, visa tai formuoja neteisingą merginų požiūrį į savo kūną bei nepasitenkinimą savimi. Straipsnyje apžvelgiama merginų nuomonių apie savo kūno vertinimą įvairovė ir veiksniai, formuojantys kūno vaizdo suvokimą. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad didžiosios dalies merginų realus kūno sudėjimas normalus, tačiau informantės norėtų būti lieknesnės. Dauguma devyniolikmečių merginų labai pasitiki savimi ir savęs nenuvertina.
ENThe aim of the research is to evaluate young females‘ body composition and their body self-perception. To achieve the aim the following tasks were set: measure real female physical body composition; assess their body self-perception; reveal the factors that shape body image perception. The object of the research – females‘ body composition. In 2012, the study examined the relation between the objective data and the body self-perception. The study was conducted in two phases. The first stage was the anthropometric research. The study was conducted by the same researcher in the same area (1986, 2008, 2012) using the same standard anthropometric methods and the same Martin type instruments. In April, May, November and December 2012, 152 nineteen years old females were examined. Their anthropometric parameters (height, weight, waist, hips and thighs measures) were recorded in an original anthropometric survey form. An actual body size was assessed by calculating the body mass index (BMI). According to the calculated BMI, the girls were divided into four classification interval groups. Since the aim was to understand fully and reveal the individual girls' attitudes toward their bodies, in the second stage of the study there was employed a semi-structured interview method. 12 girls of 152 representing 4 classification interval groups of body mass index (BMI) were selected randomly.Informants’ data was recorded in the semi-structured interviews according to the questionnaire. An actual body size was assessed by calculating the body mass index (BMI). If BMI <18.5 - weight is low, BMI from 18.5 to 24.9 - normal weight, a slight overweight shows BMI from 25 to 29.9, if BMI > 30 – it’s obesity. According to the calculated BMI, the girls were divided into four ranked interval rows. The study determined that most of the nineteen years old girls belonged to a normal weight group. The results confirmed the laws of the distribution of elementary biological signs and stated that medium-size individuals prevail, and there were not so many skinny or overweight girls. The body composition and proportions of the surveyed girls with normal body mass indices are normal, shape, waist, hips and thighs volume indicators are optimal, and therefore reaffirm the popular opinion on Lithuanians’ beauty.
