LTStraipsnyje aiškinamasi, kodėl imperinė valdžia vadinamajame Vakarų krašte iš visų nedominuojančių etninių grupių leido veikti tik lietuvių švietimo draugijai „Saulė“. Teigiama, kad tai nulėmė Kauno gubernijos kaip lietuvių tautinės teritorijos pripažinimas rusiškame mentaliniame žemėlapyje, (valdininkų požiūriu) asimiliacinio potencialo nebuvimas ir lietuvių etnokultūrinio atskirumo nuo didrusių pripažinimas, taip pat Kauno gubernatoriaus Piotro Veriovkino pastangos apsaugoti šią draugiją nuo uždarymo. Dalis straipsnio skiriama P. Veriovkino motyvacijos aptarimui. Raktiniai žodžiai: Rusijos imperija, Kauno gubernija, Piotras Veriovkinas, lietuvių katalikų švietimo draugija „Saulė“, mentalinis žemėlapis; imperinė tautinė politika.
ENThe article aims to explains why, among all the non-dominant ethnic groups, the imperial authorities in the so-called Western region allowed the existence of only the Lithuanian educational society ‘Saulė’. The argument is made that this was due to (1) the recognition of Kaunas governorate as a Lithuanian ‘national territory’ on the Russian mental map, (2) the lack of assimilation potential (from the point of view of the officials), (3) the admission that the Lithuanians were ethnically-culturally detached from the ethnic Russians, and (4) the efforts of the governor of Kaunas, Piotr Verevkin, to prevent the closure of this society. Part of the article is devoted to a discussion of Verevkin’s motives. As a counterbalance to Polish influence, support to the Lithuanians was a frequent argument of the governor of Kaunas (not only in the case of the ‘Saulė’), therefore it is possible that Verevkin did it sincerely, yet it may also be the case that he resorted to the anti-Polish narrative instrumentally. Anti-Polish rhetoric had been a part of Russian nationality policy in the Western region for a long time; before the First World War it also spread from the Ministry of the Interior, so the governor could have taken advantage of this rhetoric to at least preserve this educational society.After all, for the reasons set out above, the Poles would not have been able to maintain educational societies in any case. On the other hand, the favour of the governor of Kaunas towards Lithuanians should not be overestimated. Piotr Verevkin’s main aspiration was to establish loyalty to the empire, which was very closely linked to the consolidation of Russian culture, primarily of the Russian language, in the territory under his control. He saw the activities of the ‘Saulė’ society in the field of education, particularly in establishing schools, as a temporary situation, because the central aim was total domination of the Russian education system and the elimination of all private initiatives. Keywords: Russian Empire, Kaunas governorate, Piotr Verevkin, Lithuanian Catholic educational society ‘Saulė’, mental map, imperial nationality policy.