Šiuolaikiniai neįgaliųjų integracijos ir specialiojo ugdymo ypatumai Lietuvoje
LT1990 m. atgavusi nepriklausomybę, Lietuva iš Vakarų perėmė psichosocialinį-teisinį neįgaliųjų ugdymo ir integracijos modelį. Straipsnyje supažindinama su šiandienos neįgaliųjų integracijos ir specialiojo ugdymo problemomis Lietuvoje, atskleidžiama integracijos sąvokos reikšmė neįgaliųjų ugdymo kontekste, analizuojama teisinių ir psichosocialinių aspektų svarba sėkmingai neįgaliųjų integracijai realizuoti. Išskirti neįgaliųjų integracijos į visuomenę struktūriniai komponentai rodo, kad psichosocialinis-teisinis neįgaliųjų ugdymo ir integracijos modelis Lietuvoje įgavo savitų ypatumų. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Integracijos modelio validumas; Neįgaliųjų integracija; Neįgaliųjų socialinė integracija; Neįgalūs žmonės; Specialus ugdymas; Disabled people; Integration model validity; Integration of disabled people; People with disabilities; Social integration; Special education; Upbringing of disabled people.
ENThe article deals with contemporary problems of integration of people with special needs and their upbringing in Lithuania and discusses legal and psychosocial aspects relevant in successfully implementing this process. The importance of integration is revealed in the context of upbringing people with special needs. Literature analysis has showed that successful integration of people with special needs and their upbringing depend on social, economic, and cultural factors, such as preparation of the state to accept people with special needs, legal rights of such people, financial resources essential for implementing integration of people with special needs, specialists' competence, and so on. Lately, integration of people with special needs has appeared necessary to society, although this process has been rather specific. Thus, having undertaken a Western model of psychosocial integration of people with special needs, Lithuania has experienced unique peculiarities. These singularities could be divided into special separate components: first of all, the law "to be with healthy people", approved by the state, and then, psychosocial benevolent view of society, assuring the right for the disabled "to be with the healthy people". The gap between real possibilities to satisfy social needs of "healthy" society and the unnatural measures implemented in order to tap a modem democratic model can encourage a negative view on people with special needs. Although the state has assured physical integration, real successful psychosocial integration depends on society. Society makes its choice: to accept or to isolate the people with special needs. [From the publication]
