Ugdymo ir socialinių sąlygų įtaka mokinių sveikatai

LTStraipsnyje aptariama ugdymo ir socialinių sąlygų įtaka mokinių sveikatai. Pastaraisiais metais mokymas sveikai gyventi tapo itin reikšmingas. Moksleivių sveikatos tausojimas daugeliu atvejų susijęs su jų protinio darbingumo pedagoginiu reguliavimu, nervų sistemos tausojimu, reguliariu fiziniu aktyvumu. Fizinis aktyvumas yra viena sveikos gyvensenos ugdymo dalių. Itin svarbu nustatyti pagrindinius sveikatos rizikos veiksnius. Esminė tyrimo išvada - moksleivių sveikatai įtakos turi daug veiksnių, dažniausiai - socialiniai ir ekonominiai. Vieni svarbiausių socialinių veiksnių yra socialinė aplinka (mikro ir makro), dienotvarkė, patalpų higiena, buitinės ir mokymosi sąlygos, medicininė-sanitarinė pagalba.

ENThe paper, based on publications and scientific research of Lithuanian and foreign authors, presents the actual of health status and physical activity of young people. Scientific evidence has become compelling that a sedentary lifestyle carries a risk for the development of coronary artery disease, obesity, hypertension, and other chronic diseases of adulthood. These problems manifest during adulthood, they are lifelong processes with origins in paediatric years. Socialization processes and motivational factors should be emphasized to promote active lifestyles among the young. The aim of the study to research pupils' physical activity and health at V-XI forms of the Basanavičiaus secondary school in Vilnius. The tasks of the study were to investigate the scientific, pedagogical and medical literature on the chosen topic, to examine pupils' mental and physical working capacity per day and per week, to evaluate physical activity during leisure time and to find out the causes of the physical passivity. The following methods for the accomplishment of the study were used: the analysis of the literary sources (pedagogical, sociological, medical). Pedagogical-sociological methods: questionnaire survey, interview, pedagogical experiment.Mental working capacity is influenced by the following factors: the teaching methods material, process of promotion, the organisation of the pupils daily routine, school anxiety, support within the family, rest, add charge during the lesson. It was established that different factors influence pupils' physical activity. The most important being the school conditions, aims of the activity and value orientations through which the social system regulates the behaviour of the personality. Pedagogical factors are also very important: daytime table, leisure, business. The task of the school is to organize the learning process: to create a balance between intellectual and physical activities, to create a timetable which satisfies both the need for exercise and learning.