Lietuvių kalbos ypatybės turėtojų pavadinimų su priesaga *-ko- darybos raida

LT§ 1. Su priesaga *-ko- nuo seno buvo daromi deminutyvai (aut., 1994, 130-134). Vėliau ši priesaga buvo panaudota ir ypatybės turėtojų pavadinimams (nomina attributiva) daryti. Iš senovinės priesagos *-ko- išriedėjo lietuviškos priesagos -okas(-ė), -ikas, -ikis, -ikė, -ykas, -eika, -eikis/-eikys, -aikis, -inykas/-ininkas(-ė), -ininkis, -enykas/-eninkas(-ė), -aunykas/-auninkas(-ė), -elnykas/-elninkas(-ė), -(i)ukas(-ė), -(i)ūkas(-ė), -uika, -iaukas, -iauka, -iaukė, -(i)uoka, -(i)uokė, -ėkas. Su jomis daromi ypatybės turėtojų pavadinimai. [Iš teksto, p. 101].

ENThe diminutive suffix *-ko- played a great role in the formation of derivative category of nomina attributiva in the Baltic languages. The derivatives with *-ako- are very old (cf. Lith. naujokas, Slav. *novaks * novice, beginner”, [...]). Many other Lithuanian suffixes from *-ko- were used to form nomina attributiva probably in Proto-Baltic, except the new suffixes -ėkas (cf. šlapėkas "wet stick"), -uika (cf. in baltuika the ”white cow”). The great influance in this process had made the Slavic languages where nomina attributiva with *-ko- were formed from ancient times much more frequently than in Baltic. The formation of derivatives with the suffix *-eniko-/-eneiko- from partciples with *-eno- (cf. ORuss. učeniks ORuss. učens) and derivatives with *-intko-/-ineiko- from adjectives with *-ino- (cf. ORuss. bludinyki : bludinyj) in the Old Slavic texts and the absence of good etimology of the suffixes *-iniko-/-neiko- (cf. Lith. laukinykas, OPr. laukinikis (Leman) E 407, Latv. laucinieks ”farmer”) and his variant *enitko-/-eneiko- (cf. OLith. muitenykas, OLatv. muitenieks "customs official”) in the Baltic languages enable us to suppose this the most productive suffix of nomina attributiva was borowed from Slavic. In the Baltic langugaes the main derivative funktion of the suffix *-ko- was the formation of diminutives.