ENAlthough the notion of the intertwined history of Poland and the Jews is widely accepted, these connections are still insufficiently considered in historical research on the early modern period. This text highlights areas of study that, if undertaken or reexamined, could be significant not only for understanding Jewish history but also for contributing to a better understanding of the functioning of the state and society in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. These areas include: the local history of Jews in specific centers, Jewish economic activities and their interactions with the Christian environment, cooperation between Jewish and non-Jewish institutions, and the functioning of Jews within the clientelism system. Another necessary perspective to consider in research is the connections of the Jews of the Commonwealth with the diaspora, primarily the Ashkenazi diaspora. The text presents both existing research and formulates new research postulates concerning the history of Jews in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.