Bandymas ir projektų metodas gamtotyrinėje moksleivių veikloje

LTGamtamoksliniame ugdyme vienas iš svarbiausių akcentų yra pažinimas ir patirtis. Moksleivis pažįsta pasaulį tyrinėdamas artimiausią aplinką, dalyvaudamas sprendžiant aplinkosaugos, sveikos gyvensenos, darnaus vystymosi klausimus. Moksleiviai mokosi įgytas žinias ir gebėjimus taikyti naujose situacijose, mokydamiesi ir gyvenime (Bendrosios programos, 2003). Atlikdami tiriamuosius bandymus, jie geriau supranta ir aiškina įvairius reiškinius, įsimena sąvokas. Vyresnėse klasėse tiriamoji veikla nukreipta į aplinkosaugą, į žmogaus su gamta ryšį, į to beprotiško ir savanaudiško ryšio pasekmes [p. 37].

ENKnowledge and experience is one of the most important focuses in natural science education. A pupil knows the world exploring his closest surroundings. An experiment and project method makes a big influence on pupils’ curiosity, forms their knowledge and practical experience. While accomplishing exploring works, the ability and experience grow going from one class to a higher one. In the 5-6th forms pupils not only study demonstrational experiments, but also prepare and demonstrate experiments found in the exercise books by themselves. With a teacher’s help they start a more extent exploring activity. In the 8-10th forms they are already able to make individual exploring works independently. A larger extent projects reveal a close contact between a man and nature and develop the ecological culture. It is confirmed in the following projects - Exploring the River Svalia, Cleaning of the Sewage of Pasvalys. Active methods of education - an experiment and project - develop pupils’ value system, deepen and widen knowledge, facilitate concept forming, help to achieve higher educational results and embolden to proceed with a particular environmental activity. Key words: demonstrational experiment, individual exploring work, project method.