Pažangių technologijų taikymas vystant žaliąją logistiką

LTPažangios technologijos logistikoje leidžia efektyviau valdyti tiekimo grandinę, optimizuoti procesus, mažinti sąnaudas ir priimti tvaresnius sprendimus bei suteikia galimybę logistikos įmonėms spręsti sudėtingus iššūkius, kurie susiję su krovinių pristatymu, sandėliavimu, atsargų ir tiekimo grandinės valdymu. Šios technologijos logistikoje apima maršrutų planavimo programas, transporto priemonių intelektines technologijas, dirbtinio intelekto panaudojimą klientų aptarnavimo sektoriuje, pažangias sandėliavimo sistemas ir pan. Straipsnyje keliamas tikslas – ištirti logistinių įmonių pažangių technologijų taikymą vystant žaliąją logistiką. Atliktas tyrimas su penkiolikos logistinę veiklą vykdančių įmonių atstovais atskleidė, kad taikomos pažangios technologijos įmonei leidžia prisidėti prie tvaresnių sprendimų: tinkamai valdyti atsargas, mažinti emisijas bei veiklos sąnaudas, naudoti mažiau energijos. Šių technologijų taikymas įmonėms leidžia optimizuoti operacijas, didinti veiklos efektyvumą, teikti kokybiškesnės paslaugas ir geriau prisitaikyti prie kintančių rinkos sąlygų. Taikyti metodai: literatūros analizė, sintezė, anketinė apklausa. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: žalioji logistika, intelektinės / pažangios technologijos, transportas.

ENLogistics plays a key role in driving economic operations and fostering global commerce by facilitating the seamless movement of goods across countries. In its essence, logistics encompasses various activities: cargo transport, warehousing, packing, loading and unloading, handling, and good efficient management. The advent of digital and emerging technologies is catalysing a paradigm shift in the logistics sector towards a ‘smart’ framework, enhancing operational optimisation and freight efficiency. Through cutting-edge communication technologies and digital solutions, logistics operations can now access real-time data on the where abouts of transport vehicles, containers and distribution points. Implemented trackers and RFID tags enable the swift identification and booking of items, while real-time analytics offer insights for congestion avoidance and resource-efficient strategies. This evolution towards smart logistics holds the promise of reducing energy consumption, curbing carbon emissions, and minimising waste, thus aligning with sustainability goals. By centralising information and streamlining delivery processes, smart technologies also contribute to shorter delivery times and reduced costs. Incorporating smart technology into every facet of logistics processes, is imperative for companies aiming to achieve sustainable growth, profitability and competitive advantage. Smart technologies enable efficient supply chain management, process optimisation, cost reduction, and more sustainable decision-making. Route planning applications, intelligent vehicle technologies, artificial intelligence in customer service, and smart warehousing systems, are among the technologies driving this transformation in logistics, addressing complex challenges related to cargo delivery, warehousing, inventory, and supply chain management.The problem question is: What smart technologies do logistics companies use to contribute to the development of green logistics? The aim of the research: To investigate the use of smart technologies by logistics companies in the development of green logistics. Methods: Analysis of scientific literature, synthesis, quantitative research-questionnaire survey. Methodology. The quantitative research method was applied: a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire prepared for companies consisted of three questions aimed at determining: how companies use smart technologies; the visible benefits of smart technologies in the development of green logistics; and the planned implementation of smart technologies in the future. Companies were selected based on the following criteria: operating in the field of logistics and conducting sustainability/social responsibility/green logistics activities. The organisations chosen for the study operate in the Klaipėda region. The survey participants were managers and specialists who are familiar with the organisation’s activities and the smart technologies used by the organisation. Each company was contacted personally and asked to participate. The majority (53%) of the participants were from large organisations with more than 250 employees, while 33% were from small and medium-size enterprises with between 51 and 250 employees. Additionally, one specialist each represented small and very small companies. Most companies have a clear sustainable development strategy, prepare social responsibility reports, and contribute to the implementation of green logistics. Results. The study revealed a high adoption rate of advanced technologies in the logistics sector, particularly in smart real-time cargo tracking, document digitisation, and route optimisation programs.Nearly half the surveyed companies have also integrated intelligent vehicle technologies and data analysis and predictive modelling systems to enhance safety, efficiency and cargo flow management. A smaller proportion of companies have implemented advanced technologies for manufacturing automation and customer service using artificial intelligence. The companies have acknowledged that these technologies not only help in cost reduction and operational optimisation, but also contribute positively to the advancement of green logistics by reducing emissions and promoting resource efficiency. This study underscores the significance of advanced technology in the logistics sector for driving innovation, sustainability and competitive advantage. However, it is imperative to carefully evaluate several aspects before making decisions. Firstly, the financial aspect is crucial, as the implementation of advanced technologies often entails substantial investment. Secondly, maintenance and support costs must be taken into account to ensure system performance and reliability. Thirdly, applicability is essential to ensure that newly introduced technologies are beneficial and effective in the company’s existing operating environment. Nevertheless, there is no doubt that the benefits of implementing advanced technologies are substantial for the advancement of green logistics. Keywords: green logistics, intelligent/smart technologies, transport.