Klaipėdos pilies pietinė dalis ir kurtinos

LT2010 m. Klaipėdos pilies teritorijoje atliktus archeologinius tyrinėjimus galima suskirstyti į 2 pagrindines grupes: bastioninės pilies P kontūro paieškas ir kultūrinių sluoksnių įvertinimą Š ir R kurtinose. Natūroje tiksliai nustatant bastioninės pilies išorinį kontūrą, vadovautasi turima ikonografine ir archeologine medžiaga. XVIII–XX a. pradžios pilies planai, juos tapatinant su dabartine padėtimi (tapatinimą programa Autocad atliko R. Kraniauskas, koordinačių sistema LKS-94) tapo pagrindu prognozuojant pilies P dalies bastionų kraštų vietas ir parenkant tirtinų plotų vietas, kurias teko derinti su natūra ir turima informacija apie požeminius tinklus. 2010 m. Klaipėdos piliavietėje rasti 53 kabliukai, 18 pasvarų, 11 odos gabalėlių, 41 olandiškos pypkės fragmentas, 1595 vinys, 462 geležinių nenustatomos paskirties dirbinių fragmentai, 34 butelių stiklo ir 23 langų stiklo duženos, 104 plokštiniai ir 157 dubeniniai kokliai, 2134 keramikos šukės: 432 pakraštėliai, 323 dugnai, 1303 sienelės, 46 ąsos, 30 porceliano šukių, 50 čerpių gabalų ir 7358 kaulai, sveriantys 170,147 kg. Dauguma jų rasta supiltiniuose XVII–XX a. performuotuose nukasant ir kitaip sumaišant kultūriniuose sluoksniuose. Chronologiškai vieningesnis radinių kompleksas aptiktas viduramžių pilies griovio užpylime plote 3. Čia rasta įvairių XIV–XV a. radinių (bronzinių žiedų, skardelių, geležinių vinių, arbaletinių strėlių antgalių, žvejybinių kabliukų, tinklų pasvarų, keramikos šukių, gyvulių kaulų). Sluoksnio supylimo laiką apytiksliai datuoja jame aptiktos XV a. pabaigos-XVI a. pradžios monetos-Aleksandro 1503–1506 m. 2 lietuviški denarai, Kryžiuočių ordino didžiojo magistro Mykolo Kuchmeisterio 1414–1416 m. Gdansko šilingas bei Elbingo miesto 1457–1492 m. brakteatas. [...] [p. 199, 201, 207-208].

ENIn 2010, the BRIAI conducted an excavation at Klaipėda Castle, the purpose of which was to identify the actual location of the remains of the bastion reinforcements in the S part of the castle and to collect data about the cultural layers of the N and E curtain walls and the structures that existed on them, which is needed in order to prepare a project for the castle’s recreation. A total of 530 m2 were excavated. The excavation sites were selected using the surviving iconographic material. Bastioned trace reinforcements were discovered at the SE bastion: in area 7 at the S edge (50 m2) and in area 4 at the W flank (21 m2); at the SW bastion: in area 1 on its S edge (80 m2) and in area 2 on its W edge (42 m2) and on the N side of area 5. The reinforcements consisted of 54 softwood piles with a diameter of 16–40 cm that have survived in good condition in the damp location at a depth of Habs 0.21--0.29 m and beside them stones, sometimes four rows of them, placed on the bastion’s scarps. The ground was excavated to a depth of Habs-1.05 m at the S bastion, but the remains of the suspected oldest (13th century) Klaipėda Castle were not discovered; a low lagoon shore had existed here. In ascertaining the structure of the cultural layer in the E and N curtain walls, trial trenches were made with two large areas. Area 3, 41x4 m (164 m2) in size, was excavated at the site of the E curtain wall. In it were discovered the main layers that had been created in filling earlier moats and that contained various 14th–17th century finds.At a depth of Habs 0.55 m in almost the middle of the area was unearthed a brick wall with an arched foundation that cut across the excavated area. The wall was about 1.1 m wide at this location. The wall had probably been demolished in the first half of the 16th century in reconstructing the Medieval convent-castle into a bastion castle. Outside of this wall was discovered a filled in moat with wooden piles, stakes, and two layers of brushwood. Only a 1x1.5 m test pit managed to be excavated down to sterile sapropel at a depth of Habs -3.00 m at the site of the former moat. An abundance of various finds lay at the bottom of the moat. Area 5, 4x40 m (160 m2) in size, was excavated at the site of the N curtain wall, which was demolished during the years of French rule (1920–1923). The remains of Klaipėda’s oldest wooden buildings were discovered here. These consisted of part of two wooden buildings and a boardwalk between them. These remains date to the 15th century and are connected with the old city of Klaipėda that existed beside the castle up until early 16th century when the bastion castle was erected. To the N of them on sterile soil at Habs 2.01– 2.14 m was discovered a stone hearth similar to 13th century Curonian hearths. During the excavation, the remains of unknown 20th-century structures: parts of two concrete buildings and a german ceramic pipe, were also discovered.In 2010, 53 hooks, 18 weights, 11 pieces of leather, 41 fragments of Dutch pipes, 1595 nails, 462 fragments of iron artefacts with no determined purpose, 34 bottle glass and 23 window glass shards, 104 panel (Blattkacheln) and 157 "pot-shaped" (Topfkacheln) stove tiles, 2134 potsherds, 30 porcelain sherds, 50 roof tile fragments, and 7358 bones (170.147 kg) were found at the Klaipėda castle site. The majority of them were found in fill cultural layers that were transformed during the 17th-20th centuries through digging and otherwise mixing them. A chronologically more homogenous find assemblage was discovered in area 3 in the fill soil in the Medieval castle’s moat and in the 15th century layer near the remains of the wooden buildings. Among the finds are an Elbing 1457–1492 bracteate, which are rarely found in Lithuania, a bronze brooch with an inscription, and an iron artefact with no known purpose. Samples for dendrochronological dating were taken from the unearthed piles and other wood that is in better condition, which will then allow the dating of Klaipėda castle’s wooden structures and especially the reinforcements to be corrected.