Lietuvos partizanų ryšininkų Sajų sodybos Balandiškyje tyrimai

LT2012 m. rugpjūčio 19-lapkričio 25 d. Lietuvos laisvės kovos įamžintojų sąjūdžio iniciatyva suburta tyrėjų grupė tyrinėjo Lietuvos partizanų ryšininkų Sajų sodybą Balandiškyje (Radviliškio r.; Grinkiškio sen.) (UK 30371). 2012 m. archeologiniai tyrimai vyko Sajų gyvenamajame name, kieme (namo R pasienyje) ir daržinės vietoje. Iš gyvenamojo namo (apie 82 m2) išvalytos griuvenos, galinėje patalpoje ištirti 3 tarpai tarp grindų sijų (iš viso 1,8 m2 plotas), šurfas-kamaros patalpoje (0,72 m2). Kieme palei namo R sieną tirtas 7 m2 (iki nuogrindos paviršiaus), daržinės vietoje-67,8 m2 plotas (įžemis pasiektas ne visame plote, tyrimai bus tęsiami 2013 m.). Archeologinių tyrimų metu aptikti radiniai, istorinę vertę turintys daiktai ir fotografijos perduoti ŠAM, garso ir vaizdo įrašai-LTR. Tyrimų rezultatai rodo, kad Sajai Balandiškyje kūrėsi ne tuščioje vietoje. Tyrinėjant sodybos teritoriją rastos dvi titnago nuoskalos, iki 24 cm storio kultūrinis sluoksnis su XVI-XIX a. keramikos ir stiklo fragmentais po gyvenamuoju namu, ugniavietė ir stulpaviečių pora daržinės vietoje, pavieniai keramikos radiniai visuose tirtuose plotuose. [...] [p. 642, 644-645, 650].

ENIn 2012 a complex investigation of the family farmstead of the Lithuanian partisan courier Sajus was conducted in Balandiškis village (Radviliškis district, Central Lithuania). The Lithuanian army volunteer, Stanislovas Sajus (1895–1965), founded the farmstead in 1924. In the autumn of 1948, a bunker, one of two Prisikėlimas [Resurrection] Military district staff headquarters at that time, was created under the hay barn. In the spring of 1949 this headquarters became the meeting place of partisan commanders from throughout Lithuania. The complex investigation at the Sajus family farmstead is the first investigation of such a nature and scale of a farmstead from the first half of the 20th century in Lithuania. An archaeological investigation was begun, historical, architectural, and oral history investigations were conducted, an inventory was made of the farmstead’s flora, and a 3D model of the residential home was created using a terrestrial 3D laser scanner. Guided by archaeological investigation methods, the Sajus family residential home (about 82 m2) was cleaned of debris, three intervals between the floor joists (a total of 1.8 m2) were excavated in the rear room, and a test pit was excavated in the storeroom (0.72 m2). 7 m2 was excavated in the courtyard alongside the house’s E wall (down to a paved surface) and 67.8 m2 at the site of hay barn.A 50 cm wide stair tread base made of brick and fieldstone paving for rainwater drainage were discovered in the courtyard beside the house’s E wall. The foundation, part of the wooden structures, the building’s entrance, and signs of the bunker’s ventilation opening were unearthed at the hay barn site. A total of 657 wooden, metal, glass, leather, textile, and other finds: architectural elements, fasteners, household utensils, gear, tools and tool parts, and finds connected with events of the partisan war were found during the investigation. The glass shards, nails, disintegrating metal artefacts and artefact pieces, leather scraps, newspaper shreds, rodent-gnawed fruit pits, animal bones, and some other finds were assigned to the mass materials. The results of the investigation show that Sajus family did not settle at an empty site in Balandiškis. In excavating on the farmstead’s grounds, two flint flakes and a cultural layer up to 24 cm thick with 16th–19th century pottery and glass fragments were discovered under the residential home, a fire site and a pair of postholes at the hay barn site, and isolated pottery finds in all of the investigated areas. It is thought that the working area of historical Pašušvys manor is at this site. These investigation results augment the farmstead’s memorial and historical value with valuable archaeological qualities.