Rakaučiznos senkapis

LT2013 m., tęsiant 2012 m. pradėtus archeologinius tyrimus (ATL 2012 metais, V., 2013, p. 196–199), Rakaučiznos senkapyje (Ukmergės r.) buvo ištirtos dvi 6x3 ir 5x4 dydžio perkasos su išpjovomis (perkasa III-26,29 m2 , perkasa IV-32,55 m2 ). XVII a. datuojamas senkapis išsidėstęs nemažos kalvos aikštelėje greta rajoninio kelio Musininkai–Čiobiškis– Gelvonai–Vytinė (apie 50 m į R nuo kelio ir apie 200 m į V nuo Žirnajos upelio) ir yra gyvenamos sodybos teritorijoje. 2013 m. ištyrus dvi perkasas, kurių bendras plotas apie 60 m2 , surasti 24 kapai, datuojami XVII a., taip pat surinkta nemažai pavienių kaulų iš suardytų kapų. Apibendrinant duomenis iš fiksuotų kapų (į statistiką neįtraukiant kaulų iš suardytų kapų, surinktų maišytose žemėse), nustatyta, kad kūdikiai iki 3 m. sudarė 24 % (6 kapai), vaikai nuo 3 iki 11 m.-32 % (8 kapai), 18−20 m. amžiaus jaunuoliai-4 % (1 kapas), suaugusieji, vyresni nei 40 m.-40 % (10 kapų). XVII a. datuojamos monetos ir įkapės patvirtina jau 2012 m. tyrimų metu nustatytą laidojimo paminklo chronologiją. [...] [p. 161, 163].

ENIn 2013 two trenches (a total of about 60 m2) were excavated, 24 burials dating to the 17th century were discovered, and many isolated bones from destroyed burials were collected. Grave goods were found in only three burials of the 24: coins, a crotal, glass beads, and a medallion. The copper and silver coins date to 1614–1666. A surprising abundance of pathologies were found in a large percentage of the other burials. Various diseases were recorded in nine of the ten adults 40−45 years of age or older. Various instances of broken bones, post-traumatic arthritis, periostitis, osteochondrosis, osteophytosis, spondyloarthrosis, and syphilis were noted. In summarising the data from the burials, it was established that infants up to 3 years of age comprised 24% (6 burials), children 3–11 years of age-32% (8 burials), young people 18–20 years of age-4% (1 burial), and adults 40 and over-40 %. (10 burials). During the excavation, it was recorded that some of the adults had been buried in wooden coffins, the rest, including all of the children, having probably been wound in a sheet. The individuals had been buried supine with extended legs. The arms were either extended at the sides or bent at the elbow with hand in the pelvic area. The heads were to the W with small deviations to the S. The infrequent grave goods, the age of the individuals, and the diseases attest to the poor state of their health, the poor nutrition, frequent traumas, and obvious low social status. It is likely that Rakaučizna old cemetery is the burial site of a small town (Pabaiskas?) or local village community.