Barboros Radvilaitės gatvė 5A, 6A : Vilnius

LT2020 m. balandžio–spalio mėn. TO atliko detaliuosius tyrimus Vilniaus senojo miesto ir priemiesčių archeologinės vietovės (25504) ir Vilniaus piliavietės, vadinamos Gedimino kalnu, Pilies kalnu, Aukštutine ir Žemutine pilimi (UK 141), teritorijose, B. Radvilaitės g. 5A, 6A. Sklype B. Radvilaitės g. 5A buvo numatyta statyti požeminę atliekų konteinerių aikštelę. Sklype B. Radvilaitės g. 6A tyrimai vyko suprojektuotų požeminių inžinerinių tinklų – vandentiekio, buities nuotekynės – į numatomą remontuoti pastatą B. Radvilaitės g. 6A (tarybiniu laikotarpiu statytos kavinės) vietose. Perkasa 1 tirta numatomos statyti požeminės atliekų konteinerių aikštelės vietoje. Ši vieta yra buvusios Pilies, Pilininko (Horodničiaus) jurisdikos teritorijoje, prie XVI a. statyto malūno, į R nuo jo. [...]. [Iš teksto, p. 537]

ENIn 2020, an archaeological investigation was conducted at the sites of planned utility lines to be laid to a café building at the S foot of Castle Hill in Vilnius and of a planned bank of communal waste containers on Barboros Radvilaitės Street. Although a second half – late 19th-century square exists there now, previously the situation was completely different. The territory’s N part was separated from the rest by the 14th-century masonry defensive wall and towers of Vilnius Lower Castle, while the old channel of the River Vilnia with islands ran through the central part, and in the S part, near the present-day path of Barboros Radvilaitės Street stood the Royal Mill, which was built in the 16th century and demolished in 1870, with a small urban quarter beside it. The 2020 investigation was conducted to the depth required for the construction work while the greater part of the utility lines were installed later using trenchless technology. Trench 1, which was excavated at the site of the bank of communal waste containers planned to be installed on B. Radvilaitės Street, revealed the remains of structures that stood near the Royal Mill and late 18th-century stone paving. In excavating the part of the trench, which contained no masonry walls or paving, fragmentary wooden structures were discovered, and at a depth of 3 m ground water was reached. Nearby in trench 2, which was excavated to the NW of trench 1, soil layers formed in filling in the old bed of the Vilnia in the late 19th century were recorded to a depth of 3 m. 19th–20th-century fill soil layers creating in filling in the old bed of the Vilnia and levelling the area’s surface, were also recorded in test pits 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 and in trench 3. Test pit 9 revealed a dark soil layer containing sparse 16th–17th-century finds.In trench 4, which was excavated beside B. Radvilaitės street and in its carriageway revealed a partially demolished first half of the 17th-century masonry wall, the remains of an addition to the Royal Mill. Test pits 1–3 and partially test pit 4 were excavated on the grounds of the Lower Castle. Test pit 1 yielded a late 19th or first half of the 20th-century water well and a contemporaneous path or path base made of brick rubble, test pit 2 an especially thick (roughly 2.7 m) layer of alluvial sand, under which, at a depth of 4.1–4.2 m lay peaty black soil with rock chips. At a depth of 1.4–1.7 m on the surface of the sandy layer were discovered sunken objects of indeterminate purpose, one of which contained human bones. In test pit 3, burial 1 was unearthed at a depth of 1.2 m. Based on the Moscow state silver coin discovered below it, the burial dates to the mid-17th century and is connected with the 1655–1661 devastation of Vilnius during the Russo-Polish War. The burial also contained an iron knife. A late 16th – early 17th-century clay-bonded structure, which contained burnt timbers, was unearthed below the burial’s level. These remains are probably of a structure that burnt during the 1610 or 1655 Vilnius fire. Test pit 4 succeeded in revealing the remains of the defensive wall, its top being unearthed at a depth of 30–90 cm from the concrete paver surface. The wall had been constructed from massive boulders and a small quantity of brickbats bound with lime mortar. The unearthed part of the wall’s remains was 1.8–1.9 wide. A layer of clay was excavated from a depth of roughly 1 m in the part of test pit 4 to the NW of the wall’s remains, i.e. inside the castle’s grounds.In the SE part of the test pit, which is outside the wall, a layer of grey soil up to 85 cm thick plunges down from the top of the remains of the defensive wall and below it, lies a layer of grey soil mixed with silt and peat. This is the site of the filled in bed of the River Vilnia. Later an excavation (trenches 5, 6, and 7) was conducted between test pits 1 and 2, 2 and 3, and 3 and 4 at the site of water main route planned on the grounds of the Lower Castle. In trench 5, which was excavated between test pits 1 and 2, the remains of the earlier surface were discovered. In the W part of the trench, this was fragmental paving or a pedestrian path base formed from brickbats and small stones. In the E part of the trench, a fragment of stone paving with a channel running S–N was unearthed. The paving dates to the late 19th century. Below it in the bulk of trench 5 lay fairly thick layers of sandy ground containing 17th–19th-century finds and below that dark grey sandy soil dating to the 17th–18th centuries. The finds in this layer mostly date to the 17th century: sherds of household pottery and structural ceramics as well as metal artefacts. In the dark gray cultural layer horizon at a depth of 1.8–2.2 m from the sidewalk’s surface in the middle part of the trench lay flooring formed from massive fired clay bricks with finger marks. The precise purpose of this late 16 or early 17th-century structure remains undetermined due to the limited nature of the investigation, but it is possible to think that it is some sort of circular brick level. The investigation in the bottom of trench 5 revealed a relatively large quantity of dumped rubble and stone. It is possible to think that these are the remains of the exterior walls of a building or structure, inside which the brick structure had been created. [...].