ENWhy did the Slovak and Lithuanian governments prioritize monetary integration while the Czech and Polish governments support their countries’ monetary autonomy when formulating their preferences on Eurozone accession? Why do the Lithuanian and Polish governments believe the economic sanctions against Russia to be an effective instrument of EU foreign policy, while the Czech and Slovak governments hold a restrained position towards these sanctions’ effectiveness? In order to resolve the above empirical puzzles, the societal approach to governmental preference formation by Stefan Schirm is employed. In applying the societal approach, this dissertation project fulfils two goals. First, it demonstrates that the variation of preferences among the governments under scrutiny stems from divergent societal ideas and interests. Second, it specifies the conditions for either value-based ideas’ or material interests’ individual bearing on the governmental preference.