Prigimtinė žmogaus teisė auklėti savo vaikus

LTStraipsnyje analizuosime tėvų prigimtinę teisę auklėti savo vaikus, kylančią iš jų prigimtinio buvimo tėvais ir vaikų gimdymo. Aptarsime prigimtinės teisės ir prigimtinio įstatymo keliamas suvokimo problemas, formuojančias ne tik pavienio asmens, bet ir visuomenės, valstybės požiūrius į šias teisingo auklėjimo galimybes bei galias. Analizuosime šiuolaikinio vakarietiško pasaulio iššūkius, kurie kvestionuoja tėvų galimybę auklėti savo vaikus, kaip jiems atrodo, pačiu geriausiu ir priimtiniausiu būdu. Gilinsimės į ikikrikščionišką prigimtinių teisių suvokimą, pateikiamą antikos filosofų sampratą atskleidžiančiuose apmąstymuose. Ir į krikščionišką požiūrį, suvokiant prigimtines tėvų teises vaikų ugdymo klausimu bei analizuojant Popiežiškosios šeimos tarybos pateiktas suvokimo gaires, remiantis Romos Katalikų Bažnyčios ugdymo sampratos tradicijomis. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: prigimtis, prigimtinis įstatymas, auklėjimas, šeima, tėvų teisė auklėti vaikus, valstybės ir tėvų santykiai, šeima ir visuomenė, socializacija.

ENIn this article, we discuss the perception of the question of natural law, as well as the possibility of a person to perceive the truth about being a person hidden in himself. It could be argued that this is the axis uniting both pre-Christian thinking (in the writings of philosophers) and Christian-Western thinking, which today faces many cognitive challenges relating to new categories of thinking influenced by cultural changes, a new way of thinking which no longer has as a starting point the understanding of human nature itself and the truth about man itself. These two have been considered the most important arguments for many centuries. However, a new-genderistical perception of man and his nature is increasingly entering the cultural space, influenced by active innovative concepts of the perception of man himself, which obviously contrast with the natural perception of humanity, achieved as a result of the power of human thinking. We are witnessing a widespread cultural conflict in Western civilisation, which unbalances not only the perception of who the person is, but also of what a family is, and what the natural human rights of parenthood, motherhood and being a child are. The question is: will parents today and tomorrow still be able to maintain their right to raise their children according to their beliefs? Or in times of cultural wars, will the state, ideologies and institutions usurp and absorb, and take away what belongs to the parents according to the natural rights of human beings. We have analysed the Christian aspect of perception, which is guided by the principle of natural law, and is supplemented by the biblical-theological perception that seeks to ensure the natural rights of every human being based on the authentic truth about the human being.This aspect is especially important to Christians, because it is not only a truth found by cognitive power and analysis, but also the truth about being a person, being a man revealed in the Bible by God himself. Thus, for a Christian, it becomes not only a reason, but also a spiritual argument. We analysed the perception of the educational tradition of the Roman Catholic Church regarding the issue of parents’ natural education, based on several essential documents analysing the question of education in the family. The answer is sought to the question, what is the essence of human nature, and whether parents still have the power and the right to educate arising from their parents’ nature. An obvious problem and a crisis can be seen between the junction of the cultural perception of man and the natural perception of man. However, as it is analysed, returning to the issue of the natural perception of man could really become a unifying factor for people with different ways of thinking. And this would bring back the spirit of cooperation between state institutions that provide the services of education and parents, accepting help in the process of children’s education. And the most important thing is that there would no longer be a legislative desire to deprive parents of this natural right of theirs, or a societal desire to educate in a ‘better’ way than parents do within the framework of their natural family. Returning to the understanding and assurance of natural rights would also help to manage issues relating to human ethics and morality. And this is the public interest and the common good for every inhabitant of any state, a world in which the human being and natural rights and the law, and the responsibilities arising from them, are respected.In summary, we can say that the right of parents to raise children exists (or arises) not because the state or other interested groups grant this right, but because the right belongs to them just by being parents. This right arises from their human nature, which contains both fatherhood and motherhood and being in a familial relationship with an ‘other’, where the ‘other’ is understood as any person in a particular familial relationship. Keywords: nature, natural law, education, family, parents’ right to raise children, relations between state and parents, family and society.