Tvarus mokinių patirtinis ugdymas(is) steam mokslų projekte "oksidacijos brėžinys"

LTPastaruoju metu visuomenėje, bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose, darželiuose daug kalbama, diskutuojama apie tvarumą. Tvarumo sąvoka pirmą kartą pavartota 1987 m. Jungtinių Tautų organizacijos ataskaitoje Mūsų bendra ateitis" (angl. "Our common future"), kurioje išskirtas tvaraus vystymosi strategijos siekis - harmonijos palaikymas tarp žmonių, gamtos bei visuomenės tarpusavio santykių (Bendoraitienė ir Šimkutė, 2016). Žodžius - tvarumas, tvarus gyvenimo būdas, tvarus aplinkai produktas, tvarus vartojimas - dažnai girdi vaikai mokykloje, per žiniasklaidos kanalus, bet ar tikrai žino ir supranta, ką tai reiškia? Pradinėje mokykloje "ugdymo turinys remiasi darnaus visuomenės vystymosi nuostatomis. Pabrėžiamas gamtinės aplinkos, kultūros, socialinio ir ekonominio visuomenės gyvenimo tarpusavio priklausomumas, į ateitį orientuotas kūrybinis mąstymas, aktyvus kiekvieno asmens dalyvavimas kuriant kokybišką gyvenimą sau ir ateities kartoms" (Pradinio ir pagrindinio ugdymo bendrosios programos, 2009). "Svarbu, kad kuo anksčiau būtų padedami ekologinės kultūros pamatai, nes teisingiau suvoksime žmogaus ir gamtos pasaulį" (Makarskaitė, 1997) [...] [Iš Įvado].

ENApplying a special technique, a pattern (tattoo) is created on the banana peel. The use of banana peels and other secondary raw materials creates a collage on the theme of nature conservation. In the course of the work, a new technology is tested - testing a banana peel with a toothpick and creating a pattern. The concept of "banana tattoo" is introduced and the phenomenon of oxidation is explained. Creating a sustainable collage on the theme "Let's protect hedgehogs" is an example of sustainable work, the details of which "return" to the second or third use and do not harm the Earth, and the photo of the collage remains and testifies to the children's work. Measures. Secondary raw materials: brown and green plastic bottles, cardboard box, leaflets, banana peel. Toothpicks, sand, gouache. Educational methods. Inclusive story, review of filmed documentaries, practical activities, group work, discussion. Learning strategy 1 stage. Familiarity with the oxidation-reduction phenomenon (observation of cut fruit samples: just after cutting and an hour later, clarification of what happened during oxidation). Phase 2. Perception of how real tattoos are done (review and discussion of filmed documentary). Stage 3. Presentation of the necessary tools for the experiment (conversation-discussion about secondary raw materials, interpretation of the concept of sustainability). Stage 4. Creating a sketch of a drawing (writing a pattern on a piece of paper). Stage 5. Performing an oxidation drawing (transferring the created pattern to the banana peel). Stage 6. Creating a collage: sandblasting, bottle cutting, letter cutting, preparation of a "hedgehog", creation of a sign "Hedgehog Passage", arrangement of banana peel-needles. Stage 7. Observation of the oxidation phenomenon on banana peels: after an hour, after 4 hours, after a day, etc.Stage 8. Conclusion, reflection: sustainability, what is difficult, what is new, what I like and so on. Based on the activities, the film "The STEAM Challenge. Oxidation drawing (banana tattoo): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBVWNAjgzG0 Purpose. Apply a special technique on the banana peel to create a pattern (tattoo). Using banana peels and other secondary raw materials to create a collage on the theme of conservation. Tasks of integrated subjects. Knowing the world/science - to look at the natural conditions under which the phenomenon of oxidation takes place, to give examples. Chemistry - get acquainted with the oxidation-reduction process on the banana peel. Art and technology - to learn new art techniques, to create a collage from secondary raw materials. Finish the work neatly. Civic education - to understand that it is possible to use secondary raw materials for a work of art and thus protect nature from pollution. Understand that oxidative drawing can be applied in various advertising, branding projects, marketing. Keywords: STEAM, oxidation drawing, banana tattoo, hands-on activities.