Atliekų rūšiavimas ir tvarkymas Utenos rajone: gyventojų nuomonės tyrimas
LTStraipsnyje analizuojami Utenos rajono gyventojų nuomonės apie atliekų rūšiavimą ir tvarkymą tyrimo rezultatai. Tyrimas rodo, kad g gyventojų požiūris į atliekų rūšiavimą yra teigiamas, gyventojai linkę rūšiuoti atliekas iš patriotinių paskatų arba dėl atliekų tvarkymo kaštų mažėjimo. Atliekas rūšiuoja dauguma gyventojų, tačiau daro nemažai klaidų, taip dažnu atveju sugadindami visą konteinerio turinį. Nustatyta, kad respondentai linkę palaikyti tą mokestinių įmokų sudarymo būdą, kuris dabar yra taikomas, bet net 40 % gyventojų pageidauja gauti popierinius mokestinius pranešimus, nors tai brangesnis būdas atliekų surinkėjui. Apklausa rodo, kad apie 85 % Utenos rajono gyventojų yra patenkinti atliekų surinkėjo paslaugomis, bet pateikia ir pasiūlymų, kaip gerinti atliekų surinkimą. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Utenos rajonas, atliekų rūšiavimas, atliekų tvarkymas, tarša.
ENThe article analyzes the results of Utena district‘s residents opinion on waste sorting and handling. The opinion of the population was investigated after a representative survey, in which 310 respondents from Utena and its suburbs participated. The survey shows that the population's attitude towards waste sorting is positive, that people tend to sort waste out of patriotic incentives or because of waste costs decrease. The majority of the population sorts waste: 80-90% of the population sort paper, plastic, glass waste, 60-80% of the population sort metal, household waste. The least sort is biodegradable waste. Residents are satisfied with their knowledge of waste sorting and even 96% of the population say they know how to sort waste. Comparing the respondents' knowledge of waste sorting by education, age and social status, it was found that respondents with vocational or basic education and seniors know less about waste sorting. The survey shows that most of the waste is sorted by the population aged 30-65, and urban waste is sorted more frequently than in suburbs. Although the sorting of waste is viewed positively, the sorting of waste causes a significant number of mistakes. For example, in a glass container, even half of all sorters do not only put jars and bottles, but also crashes, bulbs, car lamps. In this way, the entire container is contaminated and such waste can no longer be recycled. A complex package is often placed in a paper and cardboard container. Plastic and metal waste are sorted the right way. In Utena district, apartment’s residents pay for the collection of waste depending on the number of inhabitants, and residents of individual houses depending on the actual amount of waste.There is no very strong support for any type of contribution, but respondents tend to support the way which is now applied: those living in an individual houses are more in favor of calculating contributions based on the amount of waste actually generated, and living in apartments more favorably for contributions to be calculated by population. Waste collection company JSC “Utenos komunalininkas”, is interested in sending tax messages to customers by e-mail, as this saves a lot of money. However, the study shows that only about 60% of the respondents find it acceptable. Older people prefer to receive paper messages, and they indicate that they do not have or do not use a computer. The survey shows that about 85% of the population of Utena district is satisfied with the services of a waste collector. Suburbs residents living in individual houses are the most dissatisfied there are about one-fourth of them. Another quarter of the respondents have no opinion. Conversely, city residents living in individual houses are the most satisfied service. Such is about 80%, only about 10% would not be satisfied. The reasons for dissatisfaction are that waste containers are often overcrowded, little information on waste sorting, waste collection sites are untidy, that they do not have containers or waste is collected only once a month, unpleasant smells occur, flies, high prices. Respondents make suggestions on how to improve waste collection, they want more communication with waste collectors, want more information on waste collection, want to learn how to sort waste, one tenth of respondents believe that collecting waste would be better if they were collected by private business.
